Bus engine development to low speed and high torque miniaturization
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On August 22nd, at the small seminar on bus-specific engine dialogue sponsored by China Internal Combustion Engine Industry Association, three diesel engine experts from Weichai, Yuchai and FAW Jiefang Xichai, including Beijing, Shanghai, Changchun and other domestic The related personnel of the bus company exchanged some technical problems of engine matching from the user's use angle and the bus use environment, and discussed the development direction of the bus-specific engine from the aspects of production and use.
Bus engine enters the stage of low speed and high torque development
Jin Qiang, deputy manager of the passenger car power division of Weichai Power Co., Ltd., said that the current rated engine speed of Weichai for the passenger car market has dropped from 2,300 rpm to 2,100 rpm. It has dropped to 1900 rpm, and its power coverage is 240~460 horsepower, achieving major technological breakthroughs in economy, power, reliability and comfort.
After the rated speed drops to a relatively low speed range, the engine's low fuel consumption area is enlarged, and the engine is matched with the transmission and the axle. The small speed ratio shift bridge is used to reduce the speed ratio of the transmission system, resulting in higher transmission efficiency. Therefore, the fuel consumption of the whole vehicle is further reduced. In terms of reliability, the low-speed engine directly reduces the linear speed of the piston operation and the speed of the crankshaft linkage, gear train and belt system, and the engine reliability is also improved. The overhaul mileage has exceeded 1.2 million kilometers. In terms of comfort, through low-speed power development, the engine can be prevented from operating in the high-frequency vibration region, reducing engine noise, and the driver's shifting frequency is also optimized due to optimization for more reasonable power matching and application of the exhaust brake system. Correspondingly, the inherent shifting rules are improved, and the overall comfort is greatly improved.
"After a reasonable match of the engine, transmission, axle, and tires, the fuel consumption of the whole vehicle will drop by about 10%." Jin Qiang said. Wang Hui, technical director of the light vehicle engine combustion development of Yuchai Engineering Research Institute and Tang Wei, deputy director of the research and development department of FAW Jiefang Xichai, also expressed similar views. It can be said that the bus engine has entered the stage of low-speed and high-torque development.
Miniaturization and weight reduction of the engine
While emphasizing the overall powertrain matching and engine energy saving, the miniaturization and weight reduction of the engine is also an obvious development trend. While matching more gears, boosting is often the most obvious sign of engine miniaturization and weight reduction.
For example, in Yuchai's bus engine, two-stage supercharging technology is adopted. The low supercharger uses a small supercharger to meet the acceleration performance of low-speed vehicles. At high speeds, the large supercharger intervenes to improve the diesel engine power at high speeds and improve the high-speed power performance, thus completely solving the problem of disturbing the high and low speed of passenger vehicles. Power contradictions. At the same time, the low fuel consumption area of ​​the two-stage supercharged engine is adjusted, so that the low fuel consumption area is stabilized in the frequently running speed range, further improving the fuel economy of the vehicle.
According to Tang Wei, the variable nozzle turbocharger (VNT) has a great effect on power boosting. After using VNT, the fuel-saving effect is very obvious due to the increase of low-speed torque, especially in the low-speed region below 1500 rpm, the fuel-saving effect is more obvious. At the same time, after using VNT, the size and weight of the whole vehicle are optimized, which adds confidence to the selection of small-sized engines. "Maybe a VNT has increased by 2,000 to 3,000 yuan, but it is possible to use a smaller engine. The replacement and reduction of this cost is very considerable." Tang said.
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