A series of explosions broke out in July 2010:

July 16: Dalian, Dalian Xingang near the oil pipeline explosion caused a fire July 21: Changsha, a full passenger airport bus caught fire July 28: Nanjing Qixia waste plastics chemical plant explosion July 30: Changchun residents building Suspected of explosion caused by natural gas leak July 30: Criminals in the Changsha Taxation Bureau building exploded in an explosion July 31: Shanxi Yicheng coal mine explodes due to concealed explosives August 11: Explosion of windows and doors in a residential building in Harbin , just to illustrate that insecurity is still threatening the safety of people's lives and property, as a security guard, and think more about how to prevent the occurrence of explosives, so that they can take precautions and use security techniques to avoid or reduce the number of explosions. Social loss. For this purpose, we specially interviewed Li Jianping, deputy secretary-general of China Security Industry Association and executive deputy director of the expert committee of the association. It is reported that he has conducted a certain amount of research in the field of prevention of explosion, nuclear, chemical, and birth. From a professional perspective, he explained some of the technical preventive measures in the case of explosions and introduced the current state of the art of anti-explosion technology at home and abroad. The following are specific contents:

China Security Industry Network: The recent continuous domestic explosions have caused widespread concern in the society. It is reported that you have been studying the application of explosion protection technology. So, what do you think about these explosion cases?

Li Jianping: Recently, there have been many cases of explosions in the domestic explosion. The reasons for the occurrence of the cases should mainly be attributed to two types: First, criminal suspects lead to people; second, illegal operations in production safety. However, no matter what causes the explosion and causes casualties, it will seriously endanger social and public safety. We must learn from our experience, and cooperate with relevant government departments to strengthen corresponding technical preventive measures for such cases. After these cases occurred, I was more concerned with the precautionary measures from the perspective of security technology. Undoubtedly, adopting effective technical defense measures will certainly reduce the occurrence of explosions or reduce the disasters and losses caused by the explosion.

China Security Industry Network: From the conversation you just made, it is not difficult to find that you have some research on the technical precautions of explosion cases. Would you please explain in detail for us that we should proceed from several aspects to prevent explosion cases?

Li Jianping: You can do the following technical precautions: risk assessment and prediction, detection and early warning, protection and emergency response.

First: risk assessment and forecasting. "Forewarned is forearmed, without prejudging the waste". Risk assessment and forecasting are extremely important security precautions and are prerequisites for adopting hardware preventive measures. The so-called explosion risk assessment refers to the assessment and prediction of explosion risks from various criminal motives and possible explosion risks in high-risk locations such as oil, natural gas, coal energy, and chemical high-risk industries. Nanjing's “7·28 Explosion Accident” was actually caused by the demolition of the No. 4 Plastics Factory in Nanjing. Before the demolition of the factory, the entire demolition project should be subject to risk assessment. According to the actual needs of the safety production, the actual threats and possible threats may be caused. The degree of hazard, risk prediction, delineation of risk levels, to take appropriate safety precautions. After determining the risk of explosion, it is necessary to scientifically measure the hazards caused by the explosion, and use computer modeling to calculate the possible collapse of buildings and the splintering of glass fragments of buildings. Currently, the security industry has professional services in this area. According to statistics, many people in the "7.28 Nanjing explosion accident" were injured by broken glass or collapsed buildings. Therefore, it is also necessary to transfer the personnel within the dangerous distance in advance based on the measured data, and then follow-up work such as relocation and reconstruction. In short, explosion-proof risk assessment and forecasting techniques are indispensable pre-measures for specific high-risk sites.

Second: detection and early warning. Based on the results of risk assessment and measurement, relevant explosion detection equipment should be used to detect high-risk explosion sites. All types of explosion-proof detection should be linked with the video surveillance system as far as possible. When the detection equipment detects dangerous substances that may cause explosions, the video surveillance locks the target area and then alarms in linkage. This measure can provide effective early warning when the hazard occurs. For example, some security companies recently introduced a German military-to-civilian product that uses passive infrared detection technology to remotely monitor a portion of flammable, explosive, and toxic chemical gases. This detection device is linked with video surveillance and alarm systems. Once a dangerous source is detected, an alarm is issued. Users can use various types of portable detection equipment to perform close-range and accurate detection according to the alarm area locked by video surveillance. It is reported that such technology has been promoted in the EU national security community.

What needs to be emphasized is that security video surveillance should not only be linked with alarms, but should also be linked with detection so that video surveillance can be used to change the early warning of forensics. Since the “9·11” incident, the important regions and large-scale event venues in Europe and the United States have connected explosion-proof detection with video surveillance and alarm systems, and have played a very good preventive effect. In places with high risk of explosion in China, explosion-proof detection, video surveillance, and alarm must also be linked to create a truly preventive effect.

Third: protection and emergency response.

First, taking the necessary protective measures and configuring the necessary protective devices are necessary to prevent explosion hazards. For example, various effective building anti-knock measures are adopted to achieve a certain degree of protective effect, and the damage to the building structure caused by explosion shock waves and fragments is reduced, thereby maximally preventing casualties of people inside and outside the building.

In the anti-knocking of buildings, according to the results of professional calculation of the destructive force of the building structure caused by explosive loads, various enhancement techniques are adopted to prevent the continuous collapse of the building. For example, the United States adopts anti-explosion walls, hoods, or anti-explosive films in high-risk areas, and can block dangerous spatters in walls, hoods, and membranes when an explosion occurs; when necessary, different levels of protection can be selected according to different explosion loads. The anti-explosive glass system can avoid the splintering of glass fragments of buildings under the blast shock wave. In recent years, new construction projects around the world have included anti-bomb design in the entire architectural structure design. There are also application cases in China, such as Shenzhen Securities Trading Center, Shanghai Hongqiao Airport hub, and commercial center Shenyang Henglong Plaza. Prevent explosive design measures.

In addition, the protection of personnel is also an important aspect of this link. For personnel entering high-risk explosion areas, necessary protective measures shall be taken and necessary protective equipment shall be prepared, such as wearing explosion-proof clothing, using explosion-proof balls (tanks, canisters) and explosion-proof blankets, etc., to weaken or reduce the explosion shock waves. Explosion fragmentation kills the human body. A security company in China has developed a security warehouse product, which has anti-explosion shock wave, anti-bullet impact, fire prevention, anti-virus and other functions, applicable to the professional use of the public security and armed police industry, as well as monitoring, evacuation in the field of safety production. Personnel in major accidents such as explosions, fires, and gas leaks, and accident scenes can play an effective protective role.

Second, emergency treatment is an important measure to reduce the danger of explosion. Including emergency command, emergency rescue and emergency communications systems. In 2010, Beijing Museum of China will display its professional equipment in this area.

On the one hand, emergency disposal involves the use of certain technical means and measures to achieve the failure or destruction of suspicious explosives found on the site. For example, human-made explosives can be manually dismantled or destroyed, and cold cutting technology, ultra-low temperature immersion technology, liquid crushing technology, etc. are now used. At present, such domestic equipment and equipment have been gradually used.

On the other hand, we should encourage the establishment of professional emergency rescue forces and equipment for emergency rescue. Including professional emergency rescue vehicles towing containers for disaster relief equipment, built-in various types of emergency aid equipment. For example, a company in Shanghai is drawing lessons from Japan's experience in disaster prevention and rescue and is setting up a professional security emergency rescue company. Its entire on-board emergency rescue system can start personnel and equipment to implement rescue after arriving at the scene. For ordinary people, we can learn from the experience of the fire protection industry and provide common people with emergency disposal equipment. For example, emergency lighting, simple rescue tools, gas masks, escape descending devices, and hemostatic dressings are all placed in public places to facilitate the rescue and rescue of on-site personnel and to reduce casualties.

China Security Industry Net: The series of technical measures that you just mentioned are applicable and specific. So what kind of situation is the application in China at the moment and where should we work to better respond to the explosion?

Li Jianping: The preventive measures I just mentioned are combined with domestic and foreign advanced technical means. However, in practical applications, many technologies have not been used to deal with the prevention of explosives, and even some highly targeted technical means are still Did not cause the user's attention.

I think that from the perspective of technology to prevent the occurrence of explosives, we should also pay attention to the concept of "wood barrel effect", that is, "short-board effect" and promote the balanced development of a variety of security technologies and comprehensive application.

In recent years, security video surveillance technologies and products have been developing rapidly with the construction of “Safe Cities” in China and the large-scale events such as the Olympics, World Expo and Asian Games. They have become synonymous with the focus of the security market and the security industry. However, for the above-mentioned actual cases of group deaths and group injuries, it is necessary to effectively prevent explosion, nuclear, chemical, and biological hazards. It is also impractical to develop and apply various targeted security, detection, protection, emergency treatment, and other security techniques. lack. If you do not pay attention to the technological development in these areas, you may form a "short board" for the defense system.

At present, security video surveillance technology focuses more on on-site surveillance and later-stage forensics, and there are many limitations for early warning of various types of public safety hazards; if video surveillance systems cannot be used together with various security detections, alarms, protections, and emergency disposals The effective integration of such systems does not play a role in overall prevention. Science and technology are rigorous, "a key to open a lock", what are the risks, what kind of technical precautions to take. To prevent explosion cases, it is necessary to combine the use of explosives detection, protection, and emergency response technologies with video surveillance and alarm technology, develop multi-functional products, and do a good job of system integration in order to form a general “iron barrel” preventive effect.