Chemical control is the main measure to control the pests and diseases of fruit trees, but as an auxiliary means, combining some agricultural, physical, biological and artificial measures with chemical control can not only get twice the result with half the effort, but also greatly Reducing the cost of pest control and reducing the pollution of pesticides to the environment are important ways and inevitable choices for building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society in rural areas.

1. Covering the mulch: covering the mulch in early spring can alleviate the damage of pests such as red spiders and peach heartworms.

2, covering the insect net: covering the insect net can not only prevent insects, but also prevent rain, hail, strong wind, and moderate shading, but because of the higher cost, the production is mostly used for facility fruit tree cultivation.

3, clean orchard: timely removal or picking up the damaged fruit, branches, leaves and concentrated treatment in the growing season, can effectively reduce the source of the next generation of insects (bacteria); in autumn and winter, combined with pruning to cut off diseased shoots, insect tips, and the orchard and its The weeds and litter around the area are cleaned, burned or buried deeply, and a large number of wintering pests can be eliminated.

4, manual treatment: growing season, timely removal of the caterpillar eggs, breaking the trunk of the yellow thorn moth on the branches, scraping off the gypsy moth egg on the trunk, dug out the eggs on the stems; scale insects occur In severe cases, use a hard brush to remove the larvae and oocysts attached to the branches; for the leaf-moth moth pests, the insects can be cut off in time, the powdery mildew disease tips can be cut off in time, the oocysts of the cockroach moths and the hornbills can be cut off in time, and cut off in time. The branches damaged by the beetles are burned intensively.

5, shaking off killing: In the fruit tree growing season, for some pests with pseudo-death habits, such as chafers, leaf beetles, beetles, chestnuts, etc., can be shaken by tree strains, and then concentrated to kill; winter fog In the meantime, you can hit the branches and make the scales vibrate.

6, fruit bagging: fruit bagging can effectively reduce or avoid the harm of food-borne pests such as caries, mites and so on.

7, winter shaving bark: comprehensive survey, after the scraped orchard, jujube armyworm, pear star caterpillar winter larvae reduced by 80-90%, apple small heartworm and pear small heartworm reduced 60-80%, hawthorn red spiders reduced 70 -80%. The fruit trees are scraped in winter, from the leaves of the fruit trees to the spring before the germination of the spring, mainly to scrape off the main skin, the rough skin on the main branches, and the skin. The degree of scraping is to remove the light brown cortex and see green without white; when scraping the skin, lay a plastic sheet under the tree to collect the scraped bark and debris, and concentrate it deeply or burn it. For fruit trees with rot and dry blight, apply Fumei arsenic or stone sulphur mixture to prevent and cure after scraping the skin.

8. Whitening of the trunk: Whitening the trunk of the winter can not only prevent the daily burning and freezing damage of the fruit trees, but also eliminate a large number of bacteria and pests that overwinter on the trunk. The preparation ratio of the whitening agent is generally 10 parts of quicklime, 2 parts of stone sulphur mixture, 1-2 parts of salt, 2 parts of clay, and 35-40 parts of water. The whitening time is 2 times, the first time in the early spring after the fruit trees are deciduous until the soil is frozen.

9. Plowing and turning the tree plate: Through deep turning, the wintering pests (such as peach small heartworm, peach aphid, etc.) and germs in the soil can be frozen to death, dried or eaten by natural enemies, so that some Overwintering pathogens and pests (such as moths, locusts, red spiders, etc.) in the ground, litter, and weeds are buried deep underground, suffocating because they cannot be properly emerged, thus reducing the wintering base.

10, the lure of the trap: the use of pests to the selectivity of the wintering place, after the autumn tied the grass on the big branch of the fruit tree or broken sacks, trap the pests and phlegm winter, and then focus on killing. According to the survey, the trapping effect of this method on Pingxiao and P. sinensis can reach 47-78%, and it is also good for Hawthorn red spider, Jujube armyworm, Spirulina leaf moth, Apple leaf curler, Brown leaf moth, etc. The trapping effect, especially when the winter insect population density is large, the trapping effect is more obvious.

11, bait wood trap: use the characteristics of the beetle, weevil, small cockroach and other dry pests like to lay eggs on the new cut trees, set some wood segments in the orchard to induce their eggs, and then focus on killing.

12. Light trapping: Using the phototaxis of fruit tree pests, black light, high-pressure mercury lamp and frequency-vibration trap light can be set in the fruit tree to trap. This method has obvious control effects on the peach heartworm, the apple leaf curler, the gold-grained moth, the peach aphid, the Spodoptera litura, the gypsy moth, the jumping armor and the dragonfly.

13. Yellow plate trapping: Aphids, whitefly and other pests have strong tropism on yellow, and yellow plates can be set to trap adults. The method is: cut the fiberboard or cardboard into strips of 1 meter x 0.2 meters, apply it to orange peel yellow, and then apply a layer of viscous oil (mix with a little 10 oil and a little butter), hang between the rows; When the board is full of pests, it is necessary to reapply the viscous oil in time (usually recoating once in 7-10 days).

14, sex hormones trap: pesticide network tips: in the production of fruit trees, commonly used to control peach small heartworm, pear small heartworm, apple leaf curling moth, gold-grain moth, peach aphid and other pests.