This paper briefly describes the process of metal explosion welding and its metal physics, summarizes its characteristics and applications, introduces the varieties and classification of metal composites produced by explosive welding, and looks forward to explosive welding and metal explosion composites. The development prospects point out that they have important technical and economic value and should have a big development in China.

Key words explosive welding, metal composite

CLC number TG456.6, TG353.85

Explosive welding is an emerging edge discipline and high-tech high-tech that uses explosives as an energy source for metal-to-metal welding. Its greatest feature is the ability to weld the same, especially different and arbitrary metal combinations together in a single, simple, rapid and strong manner. Its greatest use is in the manufacture of large-area bimetallic and multi-metal composites in a variety of combinations, shapes, sizes and applications. This paper reviews the process and nature, characteristics and applications of explosive welding, as well as the development prospects.

1 Process and nature of explosive welding

Taking an explosive composite plate as an example, the process of explosive welding can be described as follows: as shown in Fig. 1, two metal plates (such as titanium plates and steel plates) placed on the ground are supported at a certain gap distance, when uniform After the explosive placed on the composite board is detonated by the detonator, the energy of the detonation wave and the explosive product propagates on it and transmits a part to it, causing the composite plate to move downward and accelerate, and then obliquely impact the substrate at a high speed. By means of the impact process, the kinetic energy of the high-speed movement of the composite plate is transformed on the impact surface into welding energy between the metals, so that they are firmly welded together.

1 detonator, 2 explosives, 3 composite plates, 4 substrates, 5 foundation (ground),
Vd detonation speed, 1/4Vd explosion product speed, Vp board falling speed,
Vcp collision point S moving speed, ie welding speed

Due to the oblique impact of the composite plate and the substrate under high pressure, high speed, high temperature and transient, many physical and chemical processes, ie metallurgical processes, such as plastic deformation, melting and melting of a layer of metal on both sides of the interface, will occur on their contact faces. Diffusion between atoms, etc. Different metal materials are metallurgically bonded in these metallurgical processes.

The weld transition zone of the explosive weld - the bond zone also has a wave pattern (Figure 2). Different metal combinations have different waveform shapes and waveform parameters under different process conditions. According to analysis and research, this waveform is closely related to the explosive load propagating in the metal and at the interface, and is the basis for energy conversion and intermetallic bonding in the explosive welding process.

Fig. 2 The waveform morphology of some explosion-welded bimetal junctions (both reduced by 1)
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