Three Mistakes in Three Summer Fertilization

Because some farmers' friends do not understand the nature of chemical fertilizers, there are some wrong practices in the application process, resulting in low fertilizer utilization rate, and even causing fertilizer damage to crops, resulting in reduced production and reduced income. Therefore, I remind some peasant brothers to avoid the use of chemical fertilizers during the busy season of “Three Summers”. When applying fertilizer and topdressing, they should get out of the six major mistakes.

1. Mixing superphosphate with superphosphate containing 3.5% to 5% of free acid, and seed dressing will reduce seed germination rate and emergence rate. The use of superphosphate for topdressing should be deep trenching; for seed fertilizer, it should be applied to the bottom or side of the seed 8 to 10 cm to achieve seed isolation.

2. Urea and ammonium bicarbonate on the surface of the soil have high nitrogen content, but they must be converted into ammonium nitrogen after being applied to the soil to be absorbed and utilized by crops. At the same time, urea is in a molecular state during conversion, is not adsorbed by soil, and is easily lost with soil and water, making crops difficult to use. Urea is used as a top dressing, and the ditch should be applied to cover the soil. For foliar fertilizer application, the application concentration should be mastered, and rice, cotton and corn should be sprayed at a concentration of 0.8% to 1%, and vegetables should be 0.3% to 0.5%. Ammonium bicarbonate is applied on the surface, which is easy to volatilize, and the volatile ammonia will smother the stems and leaves of the crop and cause fat damage. The correct method should be applied about 10 cm deep, and the soil should be covered immediately after application.

3. Potassium-containing chemical fertilizer potassium sulfate and potassium chloride are weakly physiologically acidic. After being applied to the soil, potassium ions are easily absorbed by the cations of the soil colloid, and the crop is difficult to use. Therefore, the application of potassium fertilizer should be mixed with nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, especially in the mountainous areas, infertile land and newly-opened wasteland, and should be mixed with phosphate fertilizer, so as to fully exert the effects of potassium fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer.

4. Topdressing Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Fertilizer Calcium Magnesium Phosphate Fertilizer is slow in fertilizer application, short in fertilizer application, used as top dressing, especially in the late stage of crop growth, not only low utilization rate but also poor effect. Therefore, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer should be used as base fertilizer and mixed with organic fertilizer, or applied as seed fertilizer. In this way, the fertilizer is gradually precipitated for the use of crops, and the fertilizer effect is long, which is favorable for the stable growth of crops without premature aging.

5. Zinc and phosphorus fertilizers have a serious "antagonistic" effect on the mixed application of zinc sulfate and superphosphate. The combined application of the two will inhibit the fertilizer effect of zinc sulfate and reduce its effectiveness. Therefore, the phosphate fertilizer should be used as the base fertilizer, the zinc fertilizer should be used as the base fertilizer in the seedling stage, or the zinc fertilizer should be used as the base fertilizer, and the phosphate fertilizer can be used as the top dressing in the seedling stage to increase the fertilizer efficiency.

6. Applying chlorinated fertilizer to chlorine-repellent crops such as sugarcane, tobacco, watermelon, citrus, etc. If chlorine chloride is applied, such as ammonium chloride or potassium chloride, sugar cane, watermelon, and sugar content are reduced due to the action of chloride ions. Tobacco reduces combustion performance; citrus is chronically poisoned, and the leaves are grayish and dull for a long time. Affects photosynthesis, severe acute poisoning, old leaves are stripped, new leaves are stiff, growth is slow, and even dead. Therefore, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride and other chloride-containing fertilizers are best used for chlorine-resistant crops such as rice, wheat, corn, and cotton.
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