Scientific fertilization reduces cotton buds
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Cotton fertilization should adhere to the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and cooperate with the principle of applying micro-fertilizer; adhere to the principle of soil testing formula and balanced fertilization; adhere to the principle of “two heads heavy and middle lightâ€. To achieve full-thickness and deep application of base fertilizer, early application, light application of seedling fertilizer, stable application of bud fertilizer, control of input of nitrogen fertilizer in bud period, re-application of flower-bell fertilizer, and application of top-loading fertilizer. And in strict accordance with the "suitable nitrogen, stable phosphorus, potassium, micro-" method of fertilization. The specific method is:
Adding high-quality organic fertilizers Organic fertilizers are mostly used for base fertilizers, mainly straw quick-fertilizer, compost, fire-ash ash, human and poultry manure, cake fertilizer, etc. Generally, 2000 kg of mixed organic fertilizer per mu, or decomposed high-quality chicken manure 500 Kilograms, or 100 kilograms of cake fat.
Reasonably match the basic fertilizer according to the fertilizer requirement of cotton, do a good job of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application, avoid single fertilization, combined with the application of organic fertilizer, generally apply about 15 kg of urea per mu, preferably with urea synergist; Diammonium 20 kg, or 50 kg of superphosphate; potassium chloride fertilizer 5-8 kg. It is also possible to apply 25 kg of ternary compound fertilizer 25 kg. For zinc-deficient and boron-deficient plots, organic fertilizer can be applied with 1 to 2 kg of zinc sulfate per acre, and 0.5 to 1 kg of borax. The above fertilizer should be applied to the soil in depth with the ploughing and the depth of fertilization is above 20 cm.
Because Miaoqiao applied seedling fertilizer, stable application of bud fertilizer and seedling fertilizer should be based on seedling condition and reasonable application. Generally, in addition to applying a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer, it is necessary to apply appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as appropriate. Generally, 3 to 5 kg of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer per mu is used. Calcium phosphate 20 ~ 25 kg, potassium sulfate 5 ~ 7.5 kg, or with the application of decomposed cake fertilizer and human and animal manure, to prevent stem and leaf growth too strong, to avoid premature closure, and strive for the middle and lower part of the strong bell; bud Fertilizer application of compound fertilizer (45% ternary compound fertilizer 20 ~ 30 kg per mu.) or high-quality organic fertilizer (fertilized human excrement, cake fertilizer 1000 kg) is appropriate, so that nutrients are gradually released, control cotton plant stability, so that vegetative growth Coordinated transformation with reproductive growth.
After re-applying flower-flowering fertilizer and supplementing the top-loading cotton plant, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth entered a prosperous period, and gradually transferred to the period of reproductive growth, and the stem, branch and leaf area all reached the maximum. A large number of flowers and bells, the largest accumulation of dry matter, the longest duration, the largest demand for nutrients, so the flower and bell fertilizer should pay attention to re-application. Generally, urea is applied in an amount of 10 to 15 kg per mu and potassium sulfate is about 5 kg. After the cotton plant Xiehua, a large number of cotton bolls are formed. In order to prevent premature defavenation and premature aging, increase the autumn peach. Before and after the beginning of autumn (in mid-August), the topping fertilizer should be applied once again. Generally, 5-10 kg of urea is applied per mu.
Timely root-feeding fertilizers Spraying nitrogen fertilizers outside the roots can increase the photosynthetic efficiency of plants and prevent premature aging. Generally, according to the appearance of cotton, 2 to 3 foliar sprays are applied from mid-August to early September. Use 1 kg of urea per acre and spray 50-60 kg of water. Foliar fertilization should be sprayed on the back of the upper part of the cotton in the afternoon after 4 o'clock in the afternoon; spraying the phosphate fertilizer outside the root can promote the operation of organic nutrients in the cotton and improve the bell rate, especially if the base fertilizer is not phosphated and phosphorus is deficient. In cotton fields, foliar application of phosphate fertilizer has a certain remedial effect. After immersing the water-soluble superphosphate for 12 to 14 hours, the upper clear liquid is sprayed, and sprayed for 2 to 3 times, using 50-60 kg of fertilizer solution per mu; spraying potassium fertilizer outside the root to reduce the disease and prevent lodging The role. The plant ash, potassium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used as foliar fertilizer. Spraying ash, the concentration of the solution is preferably 5% to 7%, the potassium chloride is preferably 1.5%, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is preferably 0.3%. The grass ash should be soaked for 12 hours and then taken with a clear liquid spray.
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