China is one of the first countries in the world to create rolling bearings.

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China is one of the first countries in the world to create rolling bearings.

Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2014-09-24
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China is one of the first countries in the world to create rolling bearings. From the perspective of archaeological artifacts and materials, China's oldest bearing with the prototype of modern rolling bearing is presented in the present Shanxi Province from 221 to 207 BC (Qin Dynasty). Xuejiaya Village, Ji County. In 1280 (Yuan Dynasty), cylindrical rolling support was also used in ancient Chinese geography instruments. Although China has historically been at the forefront of world civilization in the field of rolling bearing skills, it is very backward in the old Chinese bearing industry. After the establishment of the new China, especially since the 1970s, under the strong promotion of reform and opening up, bearings The industry has entered a new period of high-quality and rapid development. In the past 50 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's bearing industry has achieved remarkable achievements!
Bearings (referred to as rolling bearings) are widely used in the Machinery industry and require severe fittings and base parts. They are known as mechanical joints. Because of their wide range of applications, the variety and complexity of bearing types are determined. Because of strict requirements, resolutions The importance of bearing quality and function. The bearing manufacturing operation is a fine root piece manufacturing operation, its accuracy is measured by 0. 001 mm (mm), and usually the mechanical parts are usually produced as long as 0. 01mm. The noise and oscillation of the motor depend to a large extent on the bearing quality; the swing and temperature rise of the high-precision machine tool spindle are related to the bearing quality. The bearing function in the communication satellite derotation device directly affects the communication effect. In the aerospace and aviation, the key bearing problems will constitute a serious incident. In general, the mainframes in various fields such as industry, agriculture, national defense, scientific skills and household appliances have precision, function, life, reliability and various items. Economic indicators, all have close contact with the bearing, and the development of the bearing industry is also related to the production level of China's serious skills and the export ability of mechanical equipment. Bearings in the national Economic and national defense construction is playing an increasingly important effect:
Before the establishment of the new China, the bearing operation was almost blank. The bearings needed for the matching and repair of machinery and equipment depended on imports. At that time, there were only some bearings in Wafangdian in Liaoning Province and Changzhi in Shenyang, Shanghai and Shanxi Province. There are no factories or shops, but there are no factories that can independently produce four components of bearings (inner ring, roll cage and cage). In 1949, the annual output value of national bearings was only 138,000 sets. In the past 50 years since the establishment of China, the bearing industry has developed rapidly, bearing types from small to large, product quality and skill level from low to high, and career planning from small to large.
The development of the bearing industry can be roughly divided into three periods:
(I) Foundation time (1949~1957): In 1949, Wafangdian Bearing Factory resumed production and became the first independent bearing manufacturer in China. During the anti-US aid period, some Wafangdian bearing factories moved north to Harbin in 1951. The Harbin Bearing Factory was built and put into production in 1953. In 1953, the Shanghai bearing occupation constituted Qin Fuxing Shaft Collar Factory, Shanggong Bearing Factory, Rongtai New Machine Factory and Jinxing Iron Factory 4 intermediate factories and more than 10 satellite factories. Help in the former Soviet Union Next, Luoyang Bearing Factory, one of the 156 key projects in the country, broke ground at the end of March 1954. In 1957, it began to produce 136,000 sets of bearings. At this point, China's bearing industry Wafangdian, Harbin, Luoyang and Shanghai are the four mainstays. The beginning of the production base has laid the foundation for the development of bearing production. In 1957, the national bearing output value broke the 10 million mark for the first time.
(II) System composition time (1958-1977): This time is in the state of “one 0? 濉敝痢 ??? 濉 宁 迥昙 迥昙 ? ? ? 逼 逼 逼 逼 逼 逼 逼 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给 给A 0?濉敝衅? Luoyang Bearing Factory passed the national inspection and acceptance in July 1958, smoothly completed and put into production; Shanghai bearing industry began to form a bearing industrial base with local characteristics; Wafangdian, Harbin Bearing Factory fully improved, achieved greater Expanded together, the Luoyang Bearing Research Institute and the Tenth Depicted Research Institute directly under the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the factory depicting institutions. During this period, the new products for the bearing mainframes were launched quickly, and the car universal joints were started. Needle bearings, magneto-motor bearings, machine tool spindle bearings and fine bearings, and trial production of some supporting bearings required for railway locomotives, rolling mills, heavy machinery, petroleum industry and aerospace generators, tanks and other main engines.
"Two 0? 濉 逼 ?? For the development of customary agricultural mechanization, in Chengdu, Hangzhou, Hefei, Wuxi, Jinan, Yantai, Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, Kunming, Changsha and other places have built 38 bearing factories (points), welcome The first peak of China's bearing industry is coming. These bearing factories will become the main companies in various provinces and cities in the future.
At the beginning of the “30th 濉 奔 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 即 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 从 中国 中国 中国 中国 中国 中国A number of bearing factories in Guizhou Hongshan, Guiyang, Lanzhou, Gansu Hailin, Shaanxi Haihong, Ningxia Northwest, Qinghai Haishan and Hubei Shuyang further improved the company's planning. In the meantime, Xiangyang Bearing Factory mainly produces automobile bearings. In order to enter the 1970s, that is, "four zero? 濉 pen forced? Bearing industry is satisfied with the "big hit mine", the second automobile production plant started simultaneously, becoming a new type of automobile bearing production base. A number of local medium and small bearing factories have been set up one after another, which constitutes the second peak period of China's bearing industry. In the climax of the construction of the factory in the early 1970s, there were more than 600 rolling bearing manufacturers in the country. This time, short Cylindrical roller bearings, spherical roller bearings, and tapered roller bearings all have a faster deployment, and the bearing type standards are becoming more and more complete. To the "five zero? 濉 back 中国? China's bearing manufacturing operations have gradually established five different production bases of Wafangdian, Harbin, Luoyang, Xiangyang Bearing Factory and Shanghai Bearing Professional, as well as small and medium-sized bearing companies in the mountains and mountains. The inductive research and factory depiction institutions and some professional crafts and testing instruments in the professional sector constitute a bearing industrial system with fundamentally rational planning, scientific research and logistics support. According to the calculation of 171 leading companies in 1977, the industry The total output value reached 1.01 billion yuan (70-year constant price), the bearing output value was 120 million sets, the employees were 147,000, and the main production equipment was 48,000 sets. The original value of fixed assets was 1.49 billion yuan. The labor output rate of all employees is 6821 yuan / person 0?? Both have a greater progress than the previous development period.
(III) High-quality rapid development time (1978-1999): The holding of the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee in 1978 unveiled a new page in the history of China. The wave of great transformation is flourishing in the motherland. In Deng Xiaoping Theory Next, the bearing profession continues to promote change, expand openness, accelerate development, complete the liberation of production force, significantly enhance the economic strength of inductive skills, the international influence is increasingly advanced, the professional appearance has undergone a historic change, set off the bearing industry The third wave in history.
"Six 0? 濉 逼 ?? Bearing professional implementation of the Ministry of Machinery "three on the one progress" policy, through skills transformation and skills introduction, further improve the production planning, enhance the production ability of short-term products, improve economic benefits. The introduction of skills, the development of skills and cooperation with Swedish SKF, Japan NTN, NSK, the United States TIMKEN and other brand-name bearing companies. Time also developed sealed bearings, joint bearings, linear motion bearings, combined bearings, slewing bearings, harmonic New products such as wave drive bearings, the bearing drawing level is gradually approaching (or some arrive) the advanced level of similar foreign products. In the meantime, the 777/650 rolling mill bearing produced by Wafangdian Bearing Factory has reached the international advanced level and achieved national quality. Product Silver Award. B, C grade 3182120-3182122 and 2268120-2268122 machine tool spindle bearings produced by Harbin Bearing Factory, won the national quality product silver award. B3-706 and B3-707 fine optical coordinate boring machine depicted by Luoyang Bearing Factory Spindle bearing, won the national quality product gold award.
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