The bearing shell is divided into a split type and a monolithic structure. In order to improve the friction properties of the bearing surface, one or two layers of antifriction material are often cast on the inner diameter surface, commonly referred to as a bearing lining, so that the bearing has a bimetallic bearing and a three metal bearing.

Bearing bush or bearing lining is an important part of sliding bearing, and the material of bearing bush and bearing lining is collectively referred to as bearing material. Since the bearing bush or bearing bushing is in direct contact with the journal, the journal portion is generally wear resistant, so the main failure mode of the bearing bush is wear. The wear of the bearing bush is directly related to the material of the journal, the material of the bearing bush, the lubricant and the lubrication state. The selection of the bearing material should take these factors into consideration to improve the service life and working performance of the sliding bearing.

The material of the bearing has

1) Metal materials such as bearing alloys, bronzes, aluminum-based alloys, zinc-based alloys, etc.;

2) porous metal materials (powder metallurgical materials);

3) Non-metallic materials.

among them:

Bearing alloy: bearing alloy, also known as white alloy, mainly alloy of tin, lead, antimony or other metals, due to its good wear resistance, high plasticity, good running performance, good thermal conductivity and good resistance to glue and oil. The adsorption is good, so it is suitable for heavy load and high speed. The strength of the bearing alloy is small and the price is relatively expensive. It must be cast on the bush of bronze, steel strip or cast iron to form a thin coating.

Porous metal material: Porous metal is a powder material which has a porous structure. If it is immersed in a lubricating oil, the pores are filled with lubricating oil and become oil-bearing bearings, which have self-lubricating properties. The porous metal material has low toughness and is only suitable for smooth non-impact loads and medium and small speeds.

Bearing plastic: commonly used bearing plastics are phenolic plastic, nylon, PTFE, etc. Plastic bearings have greater compressive strength and wear resistance, can be lubricated with oil and water, but also have self-lubricating properties, but poor thermal conductivity.

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