How to improve the efficiency of phosphate fertilizer application
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Economical application. After the application of phosphate fertilizer, the seasonal crop can only use a small part of it, and the aftereffect can last for several years, so the phosphate fertilizer does not have to be applied every year to avoid waste.
No phosphorus is not applied. Adequate for organic fertilizers, rich in soil phosphorus, or the past emphasis on the application of phosphate fertilizer, the field where a large number of continuous application of phosphate fertilizer can be applied less or not. Phosphate fertilizer is mainly applied to the soil of phosphate-deficient soil such as red soil dry land, yellow mud field, duck hoe mud field and cold immersion field.
Apply it early. Phosphate fertilizer is applied early because the phosphorus is the fastest in the seedling stage, accounting for about 50% of the total phosphorus absorbed in the growing season. Phosphorus deficiency in the seedling stage will eventually affect the later growth. Even if it is reapplied later, it is difficult to recover the loss of early phosphorus deficiency. Therefore, the seedling stage can not be deficient in phosphorus. The fine application is to be applied after pulverization. The superphosphate is easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate during storage. When applied, it is broken and sieved, and it is best applied in fine powder form, which is beneficial to root absorption.
Concentrated application. As we all know, phosphorus has the characteristics of being easily fixed by the iron, aluminum, calcium and other elements in the soil. Therefore, the application of acupoints and strips should allow phosphorus to be distributed around the seeds and roots, which is beneficial to both absorption and utilization, and can effectively reduce the occurrence of failure by other elements.
Apply in layers. Phosphate fertilizer has little mobility in the soil, and where it is applied is basically where it is. Therefore, phosphate fertilizer should be applied in both the deep and shallow layers. Applying the phosphate fertilizer to the shallow layer is conducive to the absorption of the seedlings, so that the crops turn back early and the tillers are fast. Generally, shallow application rate accounts for 1/3, and deep application rate accounts for 2/3.
Combined with organic fertilizer application. Phosphate fertilizer, especially calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer mixed with organic fertilizer, and applied after proper stacking, can convert the insoluble phosphorus in the phosphate fertilizer into effective phosphorus which is easily absorbed by crops, and improve the utilization rate.
Combined with nitrogen fertilizer application. Crops absorb a certain proportion of nutrients, and if the proportion is out of balance, it will not grow well. Single application of nitrogen fertilizer, root system is not well developed, easy to fall, and vulnerable to pests and diseases, and accelerate the excessive decomposition of nitrogen in the soil, causing imbalance of nitrogen and phosphorus. The combination of nitrogen and phosphorus can balance nutrients, promote robust growth, and is conducive to high quality and high yield.
Spray outside the roots. In the later stage of crop growth, the root system gradually ages, and the ability to absorb nutrients is weakened, often resulting in phosphorus deficiency. At this time, using the external top dressing, the water-soluble superphosphate is sprayed on the leaves of the crop, and the phosphorus nutrition enters the plant through the pores or stratum corneum of the leaf surface, which can greatly improve the utilization rate. In general cereal crops, a phosphate fertilizer solution with a concentration of 1% to 3% can be used, and a fruit and vegetable crop can be sprayed with a 1% concentration of phosphate fertilizer solution before 9 am or after 4 pm in fine weather.