The working principle of the centrifugal pump is that the centrifugal pump can send water out due to the centrifugal force. Before the pump is working, the pump body and the inlet pipe must be filled with water to form a vacuum state. When the impeller rotates rapidly, the blade causes the water to rotate rapidly. The rotating water flies away from the impeller under the action of centrifugal force, and the water in the pump is After being thrown, the central portion of the impeller forms a vacuum region. The water from the water source is pressed into the inlet pipe through the pipe network under the action of atmospheric pressure (or water pressure). This cycle is not enough, you can achieve continuous pumping. It is worth mentioning here: before the centrifugal pump starts, it must be filled with water in the pump casing before it can be started. Otherwise, the pump body will not be able to complete the liquid absorption, causing the pump body to heat up, vibrate, and not produce water, resulting in “idle”. Damage to the pump (referred to as "gas binding") causes equipment accidents.

There are many types of centrifugal pumps, and the following methods are common in the classification methods. 1 According to the impeller suction method: single-suction centrifugal pump double-suction centrifugal pump. 2 According to the number of impellers: single-stage centrifugal pump multi-stage centrifugal pump. 3 According to the structure of the impeller: open impeller centrifugal pump semi-open impeller centrifugal pump closed impeller centrifugal pump. 4 according to the working pressure: low pressure centrifugal pump medium pressure centrifugal pump high pressure centrifugal pump side vertical centrifugal pump.

The impeller is mounted in the pump casing 2 and fastened to the pump shaft 3, and the pump shaft is directly driven by the motor. A liquid suction 4 is connected to the suction pipe 5 in the center of the pump casing. The liquid enters the pump through the bottom valve 6 and the suction pipe. The liquid discharge port 8 on the pump casing is connected to the discharge pipe 9. Before the start of the centrifugal pump, the pump casing is filled with the liquid to be transported; after starting, the impeller is driven by the shaft to rotate at a high speed, and the liquid between the blades must also rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is thrown from the center of the impeller to the outer edge and obtains energy, leaving the outer edge of the impeller at high speed into the volute casing. In the volute, the liquid decelerates due to the gradual expansion of the flow path, and part of the kinetic energy is converted into static pressure energy, and finally flows into the discharge pipe at a relatively high pressure and is sent to a place where it is needed. When the liquid flows from the center of the impeller to the outer edge, a certain vacuum is formed in the center of the impeller. Since the pressure above the liquid level of the tank is greater than the pressure at the inlet of the pump, the liquid is continuously pressed into the impeller. It can be seen that as long as the impeller rotates continuously, the liquid is continuously sucked in and discharged.

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Label: Encyclopedia of Centrifugal Pumps

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