When encountering an earthquake in a public place where people gather, panic is most forbidden, otherwise it will cause chaos in order, squeezing each other and causing casualties, and should be quickly evacuated from multiple junctions in an organized manner.

1. If you are experiencing an earthquake in a theater, gymnasium, etc., be calm and calm, especially when the power is off on the spot, do not shout and scream, or let it be crowded, you should squat down or hide under a row of chairs Please pay attention to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and electric fans, protect your head with leather bags and other objects. After the earthquake, follow the instructions of the staff and evacuate in an organized manner.

2. When you are in an earthquake, you are in shopping malls, bookstores, exhibition halls, etc., you should choose strong counters, commodities (such as low furniture, etc.) or the side of the column, and squat down at the corner of the inner wall, and protect your head with your hand or other things To avoid glass doors and windows and glass windows, you can also squat in the aisle, wait for the earthquake to subside, and evacuate in an orderly manner.

3. Students who are in class should quickly hold their heads and close their eyes under the command of the teacher, hide under their respective desks, and must not run or jump from the building. After the earthquake, they should evacuate the classroom in an organized manner and avoid the nearest open area shock.

4. The stadium where the game is being played should stop the game immediately, stabilize the audience's emotions, prevent chaos and crowding, and evacuate outside the stadium in an organized manner.

Four common senses of self-help during an earthquake

1. Don't hurry during a major earthquake

A destructive earthquake takes only 12 seconds on average from the perception of vibration to the destruction of a building. In this short period of time, you must not panic. You should make a quick decision to ensure safety according to your environment. If you live in a bungalow, then you can quickly run outside. If you live in a building, you should never jump off the building. You should immediately cut off the electric switch, turn off the gas, and temporarily evacuate to places with a small span, such as a toilet, or under a table, bed, etc., and quickly evacuate after the earthquake to prevent strong aftershocks.

2. Many people find hiding places first

Schools, shops, theaters and other places where people gather are most likely to be panic if they encounter an earthquake. They should immediately hide under desks, chairs or sturdy objects, and then evacuate orderly after the earthquake. Teachers and other on-site staff must calmly direct people to avoid shocks on the spot and must not take the lead in running around.

3. Stay away from the danger zone

If you encounter an earthquake on the street, use your hands to protect your head and quickly move away from the building to the center of the street. If you encounter an earthquake in the suburbs, you should pay attention to stay away from mountain cliffs, steep slopes, river banks and high-voltage lines. Cars and trains on the road must stop immediately.

4. Buried to preserve physical strength

If unfortunately buried in the rubble after the earthquake, try to keep calm and try to save yourself. When you ca n’t get out of danger, you should save your physical strength, try to find water and food, create living conditions, and wait patiently for rescuers

Emergency earthquake prevention work during an earthquake

Indoor emergency earthquake prevention operations

Earthquake prevention damage is mainly caused by damage to damaged buildings and falling objects. If there is an imminent earthquake forecast, you can act according to the government announcement and leave the building. But in most cases, the earthquake happened suddenly. Through your own emergency actions within 12 seconds, you need to get the best protection. The method is: Once an earthquake occurs, such as at home, you should immediately turn off the gas and electric gate to extinguish the fire. If you live in a bungalow and are close to the door, you should rush out of the door. If you live in a building, you can hide under a sturdy bed, table, or in a room with a small span, such as a bathroom or kitchen, or set up a supporting triangular space (refer to the indoor protection actions in Lesson 3). Pay attention to protecting the head to prevent foreign objects from hurting; cover your mouth and nose with a mask, and lower your body. Be careful not to jump or jump from the building, so as not to fall or get injured by the glass; do not go to the balcony, do not go to the elevator, do not go down the stairs, do not run around, do not crowd with people, these places are prone to collapse and squeeze Trample. Especially for a sensed earthquake, it is especially necessary to prevent blind actions and obey the command, otherwise it will cause greater losses (Figure 13.2). After the initial earthquake, all indoor personnel must withdraw as soon as possible to avoid aftershocks in squares, parks and other places. When you are in the underground mall, you must obey the instructions of the on-site staff. Do not panic and crowd. Avoid crowds and prevent falls; and put your hands on your chest, protect yourself, and bear external pressure with your shoulders and back. When moving with people, avoid being squeezed against a wall or fence; untie your collar and keep your breath open. You can also hide in the counter or frame, crouch inside the corner of the wall and the side of the pillar to protect your head.

If you are in a movie theater, gymnasium, etc., you can squat under a row of chairs on the spot, protect your head with a school bag and other objects 3 Be careful to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and electric fans. The anti-earthquake effect of civil air defense projects is excellent, which has been proved by the Tangshan and Baotou earthquakes. So as long as there is time, you can enter the civil air defense project or the basement. Because the earthquake has many similarities with the destruction of urban buildings and the impact of nuclear explosions, the principles and methods of protection are also very similar. When driving on a public electric vehicle or a car, hold the handrail and lower your head to avoid falling or bruising; you can lower the center of gravity and hide near the seat to prevent accidents. You have to wait for the car to stop and get off after the earthquake. The driver should close the windows and not lock the doors. The "key" of the car should remain on the car and act with the driver.

If people are buried in the rubble, they must try to move the moving objects around them, expand the space, and strengthen it to prevent aftershocks. Do not use an open flame at this time to prevent flammable gas leakage and explosion. Cover your mouth and nose to prevent poisonous gas from leaking nearby. Then find an opportunity to call for help and wait for rescue.

Emergency earthquake prevention actions of outdoor personnel

People who are outdoors when an earthquake occurs should put their hands on their heads, and it is best to cover them with suitable objects and run to an open place. Pay attention to avoid tall buildings, especially tall buildings with glass walls, chimneys, water towers, billboards, street lights, large cranes, brick and tile piles, concrete prefabricated slab walls, oil depots, dangerous goods warehouses, overpasses, and overpasses. Also pay attention to avoid dangerous places such as dangerous old houses and narrow streets. At this time, personnel can enter the roadside building to avoid injury. Personnel who were in the suburbs during the earthquake should quickly leave dangerous places such as mountains and watersides to prevent emergencies such as non-slip slopes, ground fissures, and rising water. Get off by bike, stop when driving, and people walk sideways. Listen to the radio about the earthquake situation and action guide.

Normal Earthquake Preparedness and Emergency Preparedness Work When the government has short-term forecasts or imminent earthquake forecasts, people should immediately take action to begin emergency earthquake preparedness. The main work is:

â‘  Take safety reinforcement measures at home or in school classrooms. For example, reinforce the vertical cabinet to prevent it from falling over, fix the cabinet door to prevent the items from falling and hurt people, use transparent film or tape to stick the glass to prevent the fragments from hurting people, and store the heavy objects in a low position. Reinforce beams, columns, roofs and cement slab walls. Keep dangerous goods. Prepare fire fighting equipment. The purpose of these tasks is to increase the degree of indoor safety.

â‘¡ As with the civil air defense emergency, personal emergency kits and tent materials should be prepared.

â‘¢According to the emergency division of labor plan of the family, school or unit, confirm the job responsibilities and clarify the safe parts of the school or family, so as to hide and evacuate in an emergency.

â‘£Learn the skills and knowledge of self-help, mutual rescue, fire extinguishing, emergency repair, finding and lifting the wounded. Determine the location of the neighborhood and unit personnel after the earthquake, and formulate an emergency rescue plan.

⑤Learn the premonitory knowledge before the earthquake: such as the water level in the well suddenly rises or falls, the odor appears in the atmosphere, flying birds, domestic animals panic, there are sparks between the wires, blue light in the room, fluorescent lights are lit, etc. Everyone must know the way to report immediately. But you must not predict "earthquake!", And do not believe the rumors of "earthquake".