Interpretation of "Deepening the Reform Plan of National Tax and Local Tax Collection and Management System"
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——Interpretation of the “Deepening National Tax and Local Tax Administration System Reform Planâ€
The program was reviewed and approved at the 17th meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensive Deepening Reform in October this year, and it will make a top-level design for the reform of China's taxation system for some time to come.
The reform directly refers to the "pain point". The taxation system will be "quality change".
This reform plan is open to the public, pointing directly to the "pain points" in China's current tax collection and management system, including insufficient responsibilities, unification of law enforcement, and insufficient taxation.
Under the guidance of the problem, the reform plan proposed a total of more than 30 specific measures in six major categories, including “clarifying the division of duties between the national tax and the local tax, the local tax and other departments, and collecting and managing duties†to “maximize the convenience of taxpayers and maximize the taxation of taxpayersâ€. .
"As a 'first mover' to comprehensively deepen reforms, fiscal and tax reforms have moved deeper. This requires the reform of the tax collection and management system to achieve qualitative change. The two complement each other and promote each other." Liu Jianwen, president of the China Finance and Taxation Law Research Association.
For example, Liu Jianwen said that in the reform plan, “the trend of gradual improvement of the proportion of direct tax, the number of natural taxpayers, and the difficulty of management, and the construction of high-income people from the aspects of legal framework, system design, management and management, resource allocation, etc. The natural person tax management system, the establishment of this system is the basis of direct tax reform such as personal income tax.
According to the plan, in 2020, a modern tax collection and management system matching the national governance system and modernization of governance capacity will be established to reduce the cost of tax collection, improve the efficiency of collection and management, and enhance tax compliance and taxpayer satisfaction.
Adapting to the tax-sharing financial system and deepening the cooperation of national tax and local tax
China's current taxation system was established in 1994. The tax-sharing system was reformed. The income was divided into central tax, local tax and shared tax according to taxation. At the same time, two sets of taxation agencies, namely national tax and local tax, were established for collection and management.
It can be said that the tax-sharing system has played an important role in mobilizing the central and local enthusiasm and establishing and improving the socialist market economic system. However, after more than 20 years, the pace of tax reform has been accelerating, and some bottlenecks and problems have gradually emerged.
Since 2012, China has begun to implement the change of business tax to value-added tax. Since business tax is the first tax of local tax, the value-added tax is levied by national tax after the reform. Although the income still belongs to the locality, the function of local tax has a problem of repositioning, and the national tax and local tax collection and management. System reform is even more urgent.
Since the reform of the camp, there has indeed been a phenomenon in which the amount of tax collection and management of the national taxation department has increased and the local taxation department has decreased. However, with the promotion of environmental protection tax and personal income tax reform, the amount of land acquisition and collection work will increase significantly." Wang Jun, director of the State Administration of Taxation, said.
Some experts also pointed out that the reform of the camp is an opportunity to promote the reform of tax collection and management. The national tax and the local tax have deepened cooperation in this process.
"The tax-sharing financial management system is the basis for the separation of national tax and local taxation agencies. The tax-sharing system has not changed, and the organization should continue to adhere to it." Wang Jun said.
There is a timetable for the roadmap to refine the reforms one by one.
Of course, the reform program is very rich in content, involving taxation services, taxation methods, and international tax cooperation. It is a systematic and comprehensive reform that refines many specific reform measures.
Among them, strengthening tax payment services and promoting credit taxation are a major focus of the plan, and propose a national unified process for tax payment services; taxpayer credit records will be fully established, and high-consumption and restricted financing will be banned for parties included in the “blacklistâ€. A series of disciplinary measures such as credit granting and prevention of exit.
In the program, a number of “timetables†were also proposed. In 2016, all the VAT invoices will be networked. In 2017, the online tax will be basically realized. The profit level of multinational enterprises will be monitored by industry, country, sub-region and year. In 2018, the natural person collection and management system will be completed, and interconnection with other information management systems will be realized.
Some new initiatives are also very attractive, such as research and exploration to promote taxation officials in China's major market economy countries, embassies and consulates of key countries and international organizations, to undertake tax dispute settlement, and to provide tax-related services for enterprises to go out. Wait.
"This reform plan not only takes into account the current actual needs, but also focuses on the future, based on the domestic, and on the international perspective, not only has a roadmap for each specific reform, but also a timetable, which is a refinement of the reform. Guide.†Hu Yijian, a professor at Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, said.
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