"Applied Physics Express" magazine published the latest discovery of the research team of the physicist Ivan Shure of the University of California, San Diego: a highly sensitive magnetic material that can change its magnetic properties by relying on tiny temperature changes. Can be used to make magnetic storage, improve the storage performance of computer hard drives.

This material has no name yet, but Shure said: "The magnetic oxide mixture" may be able to properly express its unique properties. According to the US Fun Science website recently reported that the new material consists of a thin layer of nickel and a layer of vanadium oxide, nickel is magnetic and sensitive to heat, and the properties of vanadium oxide will change with temperature. At low temperatures, vanadium oxide acts like an insulator; at high temperatures it looks like metal. Shure said: "With a layer of oxide and a layer of magnetic material together, we can create artificial materials with unique magnetic properties."

Shure explained that any magnetic material has two very important properties: magnetization and coercive force—refers to the magnetic field strength required to reduce the magnetization to zero after the magnetic material has been magnetized to magnetic saturation. The temperature dependence is weak. For example, magnetic refrigerator magnets have very large coercive force. Therefore, at room temperature, their magnetic properties are always maintained. In order to reduce their coercive force so that they no longer have magnetic properties, they must be heated to a very high temperature; Once again it has magnetic properties and must be placed in a magnetic field. However, the coercive force of the new material can be significantly changed within a range of 10 degrees Celsius, so that it is not necessary to heat it to a high temperature to allow it to have magnetic properties again.

Shure said that this start-up research has two potential applications: memory and transformers. Future magnetic storage systems must use laser heating, but with new materials, it may be necessary to heat them by 20 Kelvin to change their coercivity by 5 times. Moreover, this material may also be used in power grids, and new transformers made from it can cope with abrupt current spikes like the so-called “current fault limiters”.

What's more, in addition to using temperature, they may also be able to use voltage or current to control the coercivity of the magnetic material. David Reidman, a physicist at the University of West Virginia who was not involved in the study, said: “Controlling magnetism by simply applying a voltage to an electric field is critical for data storage and magnetic sensors. In general, magnetism is controlled by magnetic fields. However, it is very difficult to apply the magnetic field in a small area, and the application of the electric field is easier and the response is much faster. Therefore, the new material can be used in many fields, such as rotary wheels, mobile phones, GPS receivers, compasses, etc."

However, Li Deman also said that so far, no one has demonstrated this method of magnetic control through electricity, some people should do in the future, which will "have a huge technical impact." (Liu Xia)

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