Greenhouse vegetable fertilization technology
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Apply more organic fertilizer and less fertilizer. The organic fertilizer has complete nutrient content and long-lasting fertilizer effect. After application, it can not only improve the soil of vegetable fields, but also provide various nutrients for vegetables. At least 3 cubic meters of organic fertilizer should be applied per mu of greenhouse.
Controlling the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers Although nitrogen fertilizer is an indispensable fertilizer in greenhouse vegetable production, it cannot be applied excessively. Phosphorus and potassium, as quality elements, can participate in all biochemical reactions in vegetables, and can activate more than 60 kinds of enzymes in vegetables, so that the stress resistance of vegetables is obviously enhanced, so it should be applied in large quantities. In addition, in the greenhouse vegetable production management, the number and time of sheds and window opening should be increased appropriately, and the light intensity should be increased to minimize the nitrate content in vegetables.
Chemical nitrogen fertilizers that need to be banned or limited in application mainly include:
It is forbidden to apply nitrate nitrogen such as ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and compound fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen to reduce nitrate accumulation in vegetables.
It is not advisable to apply chlorinated fertilizers such as potassium chloride or ammonium chloride. Chloride ion can reduce the starch content in vegetables, make the quality worse, reduce the yield, and residual in the soil will easily cause decalcification of the soil and cause compaction.
Limited application of magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate fertilizer Because the sulfate ion in the fertilizer is not easily absorbed by vegetables and remains in the soil, endangering the growth of vegetables. In addition, a limited amount of ammonium bicarbonate is applied, which is easily caused by ammonia volatilization.
Implement soil testing and formulate balanced fertilization and vigorously promote vegetable-specific compound fertilizer. The special fertilizer is determined according to the fertilizer characteristics of different vegetables and the soil fertilization status. The nutrients are more complete, the nutrition is more scientific, the formula is more reasonable, and the pertinence is stronger. After application, the vegetable yield can be significantly improved and the vegetable quality can be improved.
Vigorously promote new fertilizers such as zinc, molybdenum, calcium and magnesium. These nutrients can actively improve the quality of vegetables, which is also essential for vegetable growth.
Promote bio-fertilizers, especially to promote bio-organic compound fertilizers. The bio-fertilizer contains microbial activated bacteria, which is a "four-in-one" fertilizer composed of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and synergist. It realizes the scientific cooperation of various fertilizers, complement each other and benefit each other. One of the best fertilizer varieties for balanced fertilization of greenhouse vegetables. The application of bio-organic compound fertilizer can improve soil, increase soil fertility, and create a good growth environment for greenhouse vegetables.
Limit the use of hormones such as gibberellin (920), ethephon, paclobutrazol, etc., although it can play a role in ripening and prolonging, but it can greatly reduce the quality of vegetables, and people will be detrimental to their health for a long time. Therefore, hormones should be used less.