3 Zhang Yitong Energy, China Chemical Energy Technology Association, is both a fuel power and a raw material for the chemical industry. Therefore, chemical industry is a big consumer of energy. The total energy consumption of the entire chemical system accounts for approximately 10% of the country's total. In the chemical product cost, energy accounts for a large proportion, with products as a share of approximately 2030, and energy-intensive products as high as 7080. Therefore, chemical energy saving has special Significance.
The severe situation of chemical energy conservation Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has achieved rapid development. The average annual growth rate of energy consumption in China is 5.2, and the average annual growth rate of energy consumption in the chemical industry is 2.9. According to the prediction of the relevant state agencies, the average annual growth rate of China’s energy consumption will decline. Through progress in increasing festivals' capacity and reducing energy consumption, the average annual growth rate of energy consumption can fall below 3. Even so, by 2015, China’s total energy consumption will still reach about 2.2 billion tons of standard coal, which is 1.6 times the current consumption. According to this growth rate, by 2040, China’s total energy consumption will double over 2015, reaching 4.34 billion tons of standard coal, which is 3.2 times the current energy consumption. Per capita energy consumption will reach 2.7 tons of standard coal, exceeding the world's per capita energy consumption. Such a large amount of energy consumption is a great challenge to the production and transportation environment. Therefore, in the future, China’s energy consumption growth rate must be greatly reduced, greatly improve the efficiency of energy use, adjust the product structure, and resolutely implement the long-term strategic principle of energy conservation, so that it is possible to use less energy consumption to achieve the modernization of sustainable development. Grand goal.
China’s energy resources are still in short supply in the long run. China’s coal reserves account for the world’s total reserves, and the per capita world’s 51 oil reserves account for 2.4 percent of the world’s average. Per capita accounts for the world average; natural gas reserves account for 1.2 in the world, and per capita accounts for the world average. 5. While China's energy consumption per unit of output is five times the world average. From the perspective of China's chemical industry, after many years of energy-saving technological transformation, energy consumption per unit of production has decreased significantly, but it is still more energy-efficient than similar foreign products. Still 2030, some are still doubled. Therefore, the same amount of energy, the output value created by a few times the difference with foreign countries. At present, China's chemical industry generates a production value of 2300 yuan per ton of standard coal, while Germany, Japan, and the United States create a production value of 1,500 1600 US dollars per ton of standard coal. From the above situation, regardless of the country, or the chemical industry's energy-saving work, the future tasks are very arduous.
In the 1980s, due to the tight energy supply, energy conservation work was given due attention by all parties. In recent years, China's energy industry has experienced a relative surplus, coupled with energy-saving economic policies are still not implemented, energy-saving priority can not be fully reflected. At present, chemical energy saving is the same as the whole country, and it is in a state of little pressure and lack of motivation. It should attract sufficient attention. In the new century, the international situation is undergoing drastic changes, economic globalization and liberalization, and environmental issues have become internationalized and politicized, which has caused China to face severe challenges. It is oil security. In 1993, China became a net oil importing country. In 1997, net imports accounted for 20 of the consumption. It is expected that it will exceed 30 in 2010. To ensure reliable supply of oil has become an urgent and major issue. It is that there are still 78 urban and rural residents in the country that use solid fuel. Serious indoor pollution poses great health hazards. China is the world's largest consumer of coal. The amount of carbon oxides and sulfur oxides emitted from fuels accounts for 85 percent of total emissions. It has become the world's largest emitter of sulfur oxides. The scope of acid rain pollution caused by sulfur oxide emissions has been expanding. It has expanded from the southwest part of the early 1980s to much of Central and South-West China and most of East China. The current average annual rainfall! The area with a value below 5.6 accounts for about 40 percent of the country's total area, and the amount of carbon oxide emissions has reached 800 million tons, ranking second only to the United States.
It is the low efficiency of energy use and the high energy consumption of products. This is an important factor affecting China's economic competitiveness, especially the competitiveness of chemical products.
In summary, China's energy will become increasingly tense, and product energy consumption will remain high, while the market competition will become increasingly fierce. This is the severe situation facing the chemical energy conservation in the new century.
Chemical energy conservation policies and measures In the new situation of deepening reforms, the chemical energy conservation work is similar to the national energy conservation work. Although the government and enterprises actively explored the energy saving management mode and operating mechanism that adapt to the market economy, and they have obtained certain experience, they have not yet done so. To solve the problem of the combination of high-efficiency and institutional restructuring and environmental protection, there are still a series of obstacles in the concept of management system and practice. In order to promote energy conservation, we must regard energy conservation as a priority for protecting the environment, enhancing benefits and enhancing competitiveness, and adopt effective policies and measures.
Strengthen policy research and development. While conscientiously implementing the People's Republic of China Energy Conservation Law, it is necessary to formulate relevant supporting regulations, standards, and technical policies in accordance with the actual needs of chemical industry, and to carry out law enforcement inspections for chemical energy conservation, so as to ensure and promote the in-depth development of energy conservation. It is also necessary to research and explore the mechanisms and methods for enterprises to carry out energy-saving work under the conditions of the socialist market economy, standardize energy-saving markets, and promote the development of energy-saving industries. In terms of energy conservation policies, many studies need to be developed. For example, the fertilizer industry should study and formulate a national policy for natural gas instead of coal for the production of synthetic ammonia. China's synthetic ammonia production is the most energy-consuming product in the chemical industry. It accounts for about 50 percent of the total energy consumption of the chemical industry. To get rid of the current low energy efficiency and high product cost of the entire industry, the lack of competitiveness requires the production of synthetic ammonia from natural gas. This long-term development strategy is the best choice for investment in energy conservation, environmental protection and efficiency. To build an ammonia plant with an annual output of 300,000 tons, the investment using natural gas as raw material should be 50 percent less than coal as raw material, 30 as compared to oil as raw material, and the energy consumption per ton of ammonia product should be taken as the ratio of energy consumption. Natural gas is the lowest raw material, and it saves 0 kilograms of standard coal compared to coal coke, and 200 kilograms of standard coal compared to oil. The harmful gases emitted are also the lowest. With the exploration and development of natural gas resources in China, this development strategy can be implemented.
Strengthen the national macro-control. For newly-built projects, any energy-consumption project that is higher than the current world advanced level is not allowed to carry out technological transformation projects, and the product energy consumption index cannot reach the domestic advanced level or the world advanced level, and approval should not be approved. In order to ensure the accuracy of the project, we may consider establishing a chemical energy conservation technology consulting and investment company, consisting mainly of national investment, consisting of chemical experts and related technical personnel, and specializing in energy-saving investment and technical consulting services for high-energy-consumption chemical products. Specialized companies can reduce investment risks and achieve reliable investment benefits and energy savings. Any enterprise with energy consumption higher than the current advanced level must carry out energy-saving technological transformation. Consultation and evaluation shall be conducted on the technical feasibility and economic feasibility of the company. If the investment transformation is evaluated and cannot be reformed, the relevant preferential treatment will no longer be given. Policies to adopt natural elimination methods eliminated. In addition, the state should establish energy-saving technology funds for key energy-consuming products, and take out no less than 4050 of the total investment of the product each year to carry out energy-saving technological transformation of the product.
Strengthen energy statistics and standardization work. With the deepening of the reform of state institutions, the cancellation of the Bureau of Chemical Affairs and the National Industry Bureau of each province and municipality, the related energy consumption statistics of products will be affected and should be strengthened and cannot be broken. This work can be handed over to relevant industry associations. The calculation method or standard for energy consumption of existing products shall be reviewed twice, and the imperfect ones shall be supplemented so that all relevant units can carry out statistics according to unified measures and standards so that their data are reliable, which facilitates macro-control and formulation of relevant policies and guidelines.
Accelerating the elimination of outdated technological and technological equipment that does not meet the economic scale, resulting in high product energy consumption, should be phased out during the ten periods and before 2015. In terms of economic scale, if the annual production capacity of synthetic ammonia is 40,000 tons or less, the annual production capacity of the factory is less than 200,000 tons of ammonia-alkali factory and the annual production capacity is less than 80,000 tons. The annual production capacity of calcium carbide is less than 20,000 tons. Carbide furnace caustic soda production plant with an annual output of 10,000 tons or less of annual production of yellow phosphorus plant below 10,000 tons, should be eliminated or through technological transformation to expand production capacity. The technology and equipment that should be eliminated mainly include production technology and equipment where the energy consumption of synthetic ammonia per unit of product exceeds 2 tons of standard coal; the calcining technology of boiling furnace in soda production should be changed to rotary calciner, and the ammonia-alkali process plant gradually decommissions the external cooling. Absorption tower, light liquid contains 13002, etc. to set up a dilute distillation tower, cancel the method of mixing with the mother liquor, the sister liquor of the sister liquor of the alkali plant will be eliminated, and the separate caustic soda production will be eliminated. Graphite anode technology.
Energy-saving work of chemical companies Chemical companies, especially those that consume large amounts of energy, do a good job of saving energy and reducing consumption. They are the focus of work for industrial companies that increase the competitiveness of their products and improve the economic efficiency of their products. In the future, the following work should be done to improve the understanding of the importance of energy conservation. To make it clear that saving energy and reducing consumption is an important task for chemical companies, it can be said that it is a big question for the relationship between the company's life and death, and it is also a question about the path to sustainable development. Every employee in the company should pay attention to energy conservation and energy conservation, and start from scratch to make unremitting efforts.
Speed ​​up energy-saving technological progress. The backward technologies and equipment that currently affect energy consumption are accelerated to be phased out and renewed, and new energy-saving technologies and equipment are actively developed and applied. It is necessary to reform the production devices that do not meet the economic scale and are backward in technology and consume high energy and raw materials.
We will improve various rules and regulations concerning energy conservation so that energy conservation can be managed and regulations can be followed to ensure that energy conservation is truly implemented.
Enterprises should combine their own actual and national requirements for energy conservation work, do a good job of the energy conservation plans and plans for the decade and 2015, and plan for targeted energy conservation work every year. mouth