Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics Download Adobe Reader WU Shaobo YANG Yezhi Testing Center of Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China WANG Longxi, WU Jun, HUANG Qingan Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 Abstract, 8 Determination of 12 Vanadium Alloys The electronic coupling energy of the Fermi level and the elemental core-level electrons is discussed. The electronic structure of the alloy and its relationship with the electrocatalytic activity of the hydrogen evolution reaction, namely the hydrogen evolution overpotential, are discussed. RESULTS: There was charge transfer between the atoms of each element in the bright alloy, which played an important role in hydrogen evolution reaction activity. Key words alloy, 8; binding energy; Fermi energy level; hydrogen evolution reaction; hydrogen evolution overpotential in electrolysis and hydrogen production In the chemical process, for the 2 + 262 reaction, the hydrogen evolution overpotential current density 1; and the Tafel constant 6 parameters reflect the electrocatalytic activity of the hydrogen evolution reaction. The choice of cathode material and structure will affect the electrocatalytic activity of the hydrogen evolution reaction. Therefore, it is important to study the cathode process of various metal alloys in electrochemical research.
333,Amorphous Can, series alloy prepared by electrochemical deposition method, its electrocatalytic performance is very superior The electronic structure of the alloy electrode plays an important role in the hydrogen evolution reaction. 3. There are many factors that affect the electronic structure of the alloy, such as the atoms of the alloy constituent elements. Ordinal electronegativity sublimation thermal work function, etc., This article is a method to measure the electronic structure of the stew, 6 alloy, and the experimental mechanism by measuring the orbital electron binding energy band width Fermi level and other parameters. Experimental methods and technical samples were deposited on a substrate by electrochemical deposition. All the samples were tested on a rotating anode and a radiant diffractometer. No diffraction peaks were observed. The bright samples were amorphous.
The electronic binding energy of each element of the sample and the electronic energy band of its valence shell were tested along the 1800 Multi-Functional Electron Spectrometer. The ray power of the instrument is 450 comments and the energy resolution is 09683; the ultimate vacuum is 0.153, and the MFR target 1253.6eV is collected by the FRR method. The processing of the spectrum is completed by the instrument with the DS800 software package. The energy calibration of the instrument was calibrated using 232,932.676 outside 83368.3, and such as 484.0, 6, for linear correction, and the project was funded by the National Nature Science Foundation of double-sided tape.
The sample was fixed on the sample holder and carbon-contaminated, 3284.8,6 was used for energy calibration.
3 Results and discussion Pure Ko condition, 6 Condition 1 The characteristic peak electronic binding energy value of the alloy sample is measured as 1. Based on the data listed in l and comparing the photoelectron peak binding energies of pure elements4, the following observations were made on the electronic structure of amorphous Ni-based alloys. Where the electronic structure of the alloy undergoes a certain degree of change with respect to the purely electronic structure, according to the principle of chemical shift, the charge transfer occurs between the atoms of the elements in the alloy, and the transfer direction is due to the lower electronegativity. The atoms of the elements are highly electronegative and the atoms of the elements are transferred. As a result, the density of the external charge of the atoms decreases, and the binding energy increases, and the atoms reduce the binding energy due to the increase of electron charges around the atoms. In the case of alloys, the binding energy of 232 is increased by 0.15, and 2 is decreased by 0.2 to reduce the electronegativity of 1.9, and the electronegativity of 2.1 is low. Therefore, this electronic charge transfer in the alloy is related to that of the transition metal-based alloy proposed by the ancestors. The principle is that the charge transfer and transfer direction between the atoms of the base metal and the alloy elements is 5 . When Asami et al. studied the hydrogen evolution reactivity of NiFeP amorphous alloys, it was also confirmed that there was a charge transfer during the formation of NiFeP alloys, and the transport direction was the electron direction and atom transfer of the NiFe transition metal atoms. , 6 and condition alloys are alloyed with a suitable amount of rare earth elements, 6 or. Their situation 22 spectrum 12.
From 1 and 12, we can see that where is 0. There is charge transfer between the atoms of each element in the alloy. For the inhibitory atom, the charge not only transfers to the atom, but also receives the electron charge of the atom from the rare earth, so that the combined energy of the condition 32 is more extraordinary. The condition in 232 is low, and the binding energy of 2 electrons also decreases, reflecting the complexity of the post-charge transfer due to the addition of rare earth elements in the alloy. There are two peaks from 3 to 632. The peak is 885.756 and the other is the shoulder of 883.00. Its binding energy is lower than that of pure metal, which is lower than 883.906. Because the rare earth element is different from the general element, the binding energy decreases and it indicates its The atomic electron charge of the atom is 12 to other adjacent atoms, less than, and wind, so the charge transfer is caused by, and 6 is transferred to Fanhe. In this way, the charge transfer between atoms of each element in the alloy can be considered as a model of 4. NiLaP is similar to NiCeP. From 1 we also found that the hydrogen evolution overpotential 7 of the reaction between the binding energy of the two 32-ports and the hydrogen evolution of the alloy has a definite relation. The smaller the hydrogen evolution overpotential value is, the smaller the corresponding binding energy value of the two 32 is. When explaining the mechanism of the electrocatalytic activity of the hydrogen evolution reaction 1, it is believed that the extra charge atom is the activation center for the hydrogen evolution reaction in the alloy. Therefore, in the Can and 6 vanadium alloys, the negative charge of the Can atom is higher than that of the vanadium alloy, that is, relative Increased the activation capacity, accelerated the hydrogen evolution reaction, and reduced the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the hydrogen evolution reaction.
It is close, so it can be considered that there are two components in the alloy, and its valence band spectrum is very similar to the spectra in the literature 91. The alloy has a hydrogen storage effect, which may be favorable for increasing the hydrogen evolution reaction activity. The alloy also has a hydrogen storage effect 5, which is a valence band spectrum obtained by the method. The differential state is determined by differential. The Fermi energy level energy of Heyue et al. At the Fermi level of 20.10 and 0.136, the higher the energy of the Fermi level, the lower the work function value, the easier the electrons will be transferred from the alloy to the proton, resulting in a smaller value of the hydrogen evolution overpotential 1 value. The larger the value, the greater the change in the literature and the discussion of the hydrogen evolution potential of the alloy and the calculated Fermi level change trend. The hydrogen evolution overpotential value of the alloy is obviously lower than that of the pure electrode. It may be because the work function of the sum is lower than the work function of the condition, while adding the alloy, the overall valence band spectrum of the alloy is small. The direction shifts to increase the Fermi level. This experimental result demonstrates for the first time that there is a corresponding relationship between the hydrogen evolution overpotential and the Fermi energy level. This may provide an important experimental means for studying the activation characteristics of the hydrogen evolution reaction.
4 Conclusions Amorphous condition, condition 0, and condition. The charge transfer between atoms of each element in the alloy depends on the electronegativity of the element, from the element with low electronegativity to the element with high electronegativity, including the rare earth due to charge transfer. Excess electrons appear around the alloy atoms or matrix atoms in the alloy. These excess electrons are an important factor affecting the hydrogen evolution reaction. The more residual electrons are, the better the catalytic activity is. For the amorphous alloy containing rare earth elements, the 232 combined energy value And the evolution of hydrogen overpotential value changes in size.
From the 8 measured, 6 of the 31 spectra, indicating that all have a hydrogen storage effect, stored in the alloy in 12 or form.
The higher the Fermi level of the alloy is, the smaller the value of the hydrogen evolution overpotential 1 of the electrode is. Therefore, the electrocatalytic activity of the indole reaction can be analyzed by measuring the alloy.