2 new vase road for large vase containers.

In the past, when using the moldless hydraulic bulging technology to manufacture the spherical boundary device, the problems that have appeared mainly include the cracking of the weld seam and the protrusion of some parts in 1 part; due to the aspherical symmetry of the device, the belly portion of the bulge is in the shape of the bulge. The crucible wraps along the equator. This paper oscillates the deformation process and characteristics of the unformed shell forming process. The deformation process and characteristics of such specimens are analyzed and the overall hydraulic bulging process is used to form such a system. The feasibility of the piece.

1Experimental study 1.1 The closed shell structure before bulging and the shell structure before the bulging of the test material should ensure the formability of the shell. Considering the difficulty of forming the variable diameter shell, this paper designs the structure of the square floc and Size 2, æ±´ Explore the optimal forming scheme for such a housing by hydraulic bulging experiments.

Wang Zhongren 1934, male, professor, doctoral tutor.

The neck structure of the solution is the same. Because the neck is mainly cylindrical, the thick-walled tube blank is pre-formed into the bell mouth, so that the neck does not plastically deform during the bulging process. The structure of the abdomen is different. The abdominal structure is a closed structure formed by a single-curve single-curvature shell. The solution is a symmetrical double frustum structure.

The solution is for the upper and lower truncated cones. The segment cylinder is simple. First, the material is cut according to the structure of 2. Then, each part of the cone-shaped cylinder and the ball are curled and formed, and then welded, and finally the upper and lower ends are welded with the sealing plate. The material of the abdomen is 3 steel plates, the plate thickness is 1; the neck material is 20 steel pipes, and the wall thickness is 10; the upper and lower sealing plate materials are human 3 steel plates. The thickness is 81. Based on past experience. The housing of the above structure will undergo high deformation during the bulging process. Easy to cause wrinkles. And affect the overall size of the shape, so this experiment adds an axial constraint inside the abdominal shell to offset the bulging and the axial tension of the abdomen.

(4) Scheme, scheme Winter 2 kinds of shells before the bulging structure of the 12 sense points are arranged for the scheme. The same is true for each ball. Select a ball to be the strain research object. Such as the cabinet 33. Take 3 measuring points along each of the two busbars for test analysis; Because of its upper and lower symmetry. Therefore, five measuring points 3, 3 are selected along the strip busbar of the upper frustum; the solution is also based on symmetry. Along the strip busbar of the upper frustum, select the cylindrical part between the three measuring points and take two measuring points for testing. For example, the analysis of the results of the experiment is carried out by using a manual hydraulic pump to carry out the liquid torsion bulging experiment of the above-mentioned schemes. Photo 45.

The experimental results of various schemes are analyzed separately below.

2.1 The strain change law of the bulging process of the program is loaded to 1.5 when he is. The center of the abdomen shell, that is, the heart of the lobes, has been obviously deformed and loaded into the strain gauges of each of the cabinets. The position of the test piece before the formation of the experimental part also produces a fixed deformation; when loaded to 4.0, 3, the trending ball The deformation has been very clear, undulating undulations along the weft line near the welding zone of individual lobes, but not severe; when loaded to 5.5, the shell has been completely formed and the experiment is over.

The strain distribution measured according to the experiment. For example, the latitudinal strain of the child farther away from the weld is slightly larger than that of the near weld, and the strain value at 7 points seems to increase with the bulging force. The strain increases faster.

So the end is bigger than that. 4, the latitudinal strain of the point. 6 is the meridional strain of each measuring point, bulging over, medium. Since the weld is always larger than the meridional strain at the near seam. Simultaneously.

In the same, the meridional strains are all in the zonal strain. In particular, the warp deformation at the far distance from the weld is much stronger than the latitude. 0 is at the corner of the lobes. Due to the influence of the weld, the deformation is small.

2.2 Strain change law of the bulging process When the program is loaded to 1.5, the middle part of the frustum surface has a clear deformation and the deformation of other areas is very small. When the load is increased to 2.5, the deformation continues to increase. The entire frustum surface begins to have a clear deformation. However, the deformation near the neck and bottom of the vase is still small. The weld in the middle of the giant shell has a concave phenomenon; when it is loaded to 3.03, the deformation is intensified, the middle jaw of the frustum begins to circle, and the small weld angle of the middle part of the shell is uneven; At 5.0, the casing is formed by the present, and the wrinkles completely disappear. When loaded to 6.0, the casing is formed to be full.

3 is the zonal strain of each measuring point. The middle of the frustum is the smallest during the bulging process because the part is closer to the weld. 70 is the meridional strain of each measuring point, the initial stage of bulging, and the point has a constant compressive strain. But with the increase in bloating force. The warp strain at each point becomes a tensile strain. In the late stage of the bulging process. The meridional strain at two points almost no longer changes, and the meridional slant strain meridional strain strain at the sum point continues, and the deformation occurs greatly along the frustum of the frustum. The point warp strain is minimal.

2.3 The strain change law of the bulging process of the scheme The deformation process of the scheme is similar to the scheme. Only 13 has a cylindrical surface transition in the middle of the shell, and no wrinkling occurs during the bulging process. 8 is the strain change curve of each measurement point, and 8 is the zonal strain. During the bulging process, the strain in the middle of the frustum is the smallest, because the part is closer to the weld, and the frustum portion is more deformed than the column portion. 815 is the meridional strain of each measuring point. At the initial stage of bulging, there is a slight strain at 5 o'clock, but it changes to tensile strain with the increase of bamboo bulging force. After the bulging process, at the 0 point of the edge of the cylindrical portion of the muscle, the strain is large, and it can be close to the weld, and the deformation is mainly uniaxial stretching perpendicular to the direction of the weld.

3 latitudinal strain 2.4 kinds of schemes forming performance comparison Throughout the above schemes, it is found that the scheme and scheme history are easy to take + wrinkle; but from the perspective of the parts, although the scheme is slightly wrinkled in the middle of bulging, but with the increase of bamboo girdles Big, wrinkles are gradually flattened. In the end, it got a better shape than the other two solutions. It can be seen from the results of the scheme that the deformation tangential elongation near the weld is small.

In short, because the deformation of the sheet material is the most severe in the scheme, the thinning rate is higher than the other two schemes, and it is not suitable for the forming of the workpiece with high requirements on the material, but the structure is simple, the welding cost is low, the manufacturing cost is low, and the economic erosion is relatively high. it is good. The program, the program economy is slightly overall, but the wall neck of the formed parts is more uniform, the reduction rate is small, and it is easy to meet the requirements for use. In practice, the forming plan should be reasonably selected according to the specific conditions of use and funding conditions.

3 Conclusion The weld has a fixed influence on the deformation. The deformation characteristic near the weld is that the normal elongation along the weld is larger along the tangential elongation of the weld.

The scheme adopts a double cone structure. The weld seam is the least. The economy is the best. Although the weld seam and the nearby domain are in a deformed state, the four-card deformed state is dry, and the wrinkle is easily lost. As the pressure increases, it gradually transforms into a biaxially stretched state, and the wrinkles disappear again. The part surface is also smooth.

The neck bulge of the housing is more difficult. However, the transition of the neck edge to the round edge of the bottle body can be achieved by pre-forming the horn 1.

(4) It is basically feasible to make a variable-diameter vase shape container by using the mold-free liquid bulging process. The process does not require a mold, the material is simple to cut, the welding is easy, and the cycle is short, which is unique for the production of large single pieces.

1 Zhong Zhongren, Wang Tao. Spherical square, a new process for forming a body. Pressure vessel. 1988178 responsible editor Zhang Hong

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