Import and export situation of machine tools and issues needing attention
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Import and export in the first half of the year
Imports are growing at a high speed, and the development momentum is unprecedented
In the first half of the year, the import volume of the whole industry was 10.378 billion U.S. dollars, which was 6.387 billion U.S. dollars higher than the highest in the first half of 2010, and more than 3.893 billion U.S. dollars. The development momentum is unprecedented.
The import of metal processing machine tools was 56,400 units, which was US$6.08 billion, and the amount increased by 55.63%. Among them: processing center imported 20,102 units, 2.285 billion US dollars, the amount increased by 63.56%, compared with the highest in the same period of 2010, a net increase of 6,529 units, 888 million US dollars; CNC machine tools imported 13,207 units, 2.365 billion US dollars, an increase of 47.25%, Compared with the highest year of the calendar year, the net increase of 4,849 units and 759 million US dollars in the same period of 2010.
A total of 321 sets of combined machine tools were imported, with a value of US$9,880,600, a year-on-year increase of 41.03%, a net increase of 24 units and US$28.77 million over the same period of 2010 in the highest year of the calendar year.
In one year, the import of machining centers and CNC machine tools was so large compared to the same period last year, which is rare. This situation not only indicates that the domestic market demand is strong, but also reminds the domestic machine tool industry to find a gap to meet the needs of domestic users.
Exports grew faster, hitting a new high in the same period of the previous year
In the first half of the year, the export volume of the whole industry was 3.364 billion U.S. dollars, which was 2.725 billion U.S. dollars more than the highest in the same period of 2008, and the amount was 639 million U.S. dollars. The situation is very good.
The export of metal processing machine tools was 2.15 million units (including bench drills, grinders, etc.), with a value of US$1.05 billion, an increase of 35.31% over the same period last year. Among them, the processing center exported 1,390 units, with an amount of US$40.036 million, an increase of 207.05% over the same period of the previous year. The highest net increase in 2008 was US$47.77 million, showing a high-speed growth trend; CNC machine tools exported 8,577 units, US$266 million, an increase over the year-on-year. 33.51%, the highest net increase of $45 million in 2008 over the same period of the previous year.
The ultra-high-speed growth of processing center exports has opened up a new situation for machine tool exports, and it is necessary to further diversify into potential markets.
Four issues that still need attention
Since the beginning of this year, the world economy has been in the recovery stage after the financial crisis. Countries have adopted a series of effective measures, the economic growth rate has gradually recovered, and the international market demand has increased. At the 109th Canton Fair held in China in April this year, the turnover of mechanical and electrical products increased by 24.4% compared with the Spring Fair last year. Among them, the turnover of the EU, the United States and the BRICS countries accounted for more than 60%, especially the turnover of Brazil increased by about 1.8%. Times, the turnover with the United States increased by 77.6%, and the development momentum is good. At the same time, various emergencies, especially the political turmoil in some countries in West Asia and North Africa, the earthquake, tsunami and nuclear disaster in Japan, the continuation of the sovereign debt crisis in some European countries, and the super-loose liquidity of the United States and Japan, are the world. The prospects for economic recovery have added new uncertainties, and have also caused major impacts on international financial and commodity markets, directly pushing up international commodity prices, which has not only increased inflationary pressures in emerging economies and developing countries. It also makes developed economies feel inflationary pressures.
This year is the first year of China's “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€. In the first half of the year, national fixed asset investment increased by 25.6% year-on-year, of which the machinery industry grew by 41.77%. The equipment needed for investment in fixed assets of the machinery industry is mainly machine tools, so the demand for machine tools and import and export in the domestic market will maintain rapid growth. At the same time, the appreciation of the renminbi, the rise in prices of some raw materials, the rise in labor costs, the increase in bank lending rates, and the rise of trade protectionism in some countries will all cause difficulties for exporting companies.
The current import and export of machine tool industry needs to pay attention to the following issues:
Adjust and optimize the structure of export products
Among the machine tools exported from China, labor-intensive products and low-value-added products account for a large proportion. In recent years, the structure of export products has improved, and the technical content of export products has increased. In the first half of this year, the average unit price of CNC machine tools exported was US$31,000 per unit, an increase of US$9,200 per unit compared with US$21,800 per unit in the same period last year. But overall, the gap is still large and needs constant adjustment and optimization.
First, we must adapt to the needs of the international market and adjust the structure of export products. After the international financial crisis, countries adopted a series of countermeasures, and the international market demand structure has changed. Relevant export enterprises should adapt to this change, adjust the product structure and provide services in a timely manner according to user needs.
Secondly, as domestic enterprises change their development mode, adjust the progress of product structure, optimize the structure of export products in time, and improve the technical content of export products. Continue to promote the transformation and upgrading of processing trade and improve product quality.
Thirdly, gradually reduce the export of “two high and one capital†products, such as machine tool bed casting blanks, forgings and steel structural parts.
Export trade should strive to avoid exchange rate risk
The continuous appreciation of the renminbi has caused great difficulties for exporting companies and it is necessary to find effective ways to avoid exchange rate risks. Since the People's Bank of China and other departments issued the "Notice on Expanding the Relevant Issues Concerning the Pilot Program for Cross-border Trade in RMB Settlement", positive effects have been produced. Bank of China announced on July 7 that the total amount of RMB settlement of cross-border trade between China and overseas has exceeded 840 billion yuan this year, which is much higher than that of last year. This measure is to avoid exchange rate risks, reduce dependence on the US dollar, and avoid reliable ways to cause losses due to the appreciation of the renminbi to exporting companies. According to statistics, by the end of last year, the number of pilot enterprises for cross-border trade RMB settlement has exceeded 67,000. Export enterprises should actively strive to be included in the pilot list and actively promote RMB settlement.
Since most of the current RMB settlement amount is imported goods, the export goods only account for 10%-20%, and there is a clear “unbalance†phenomenon. To this end, the People's Bank of China announced on June 21 this year the "Notice on clarifying issues related to cross-border RMB business", which officially clarified the pilot measures for foreign direct investment in RMB settlement business. The "Notice" pointed out that overseas participating banks should track the flow of funds after the customer purchases and sells RMB, and conduct a more detailed review of new customers and transactions with larger amounts, and should pay attention to monitoring abnormal transactions to prevent hidden arbitrage.
Faced with a large number of imports, we must seize opportunities and improve our ability to innovate independently.
The rapid growth of machine tool imports has brought tremendous pressure to the domestic machine tool industry. Domestic enterprises must seize opportunities, meet challenges and improve their independent innovation capabilities.
On April 29, 2011, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, and the Ministry of Commerce issued a catalogue of encouraged technologies and products (2011 edition), including 16 high-end machine tools (same as the catalogue published in 2009). Bank loan interest rate) policy support. Since the implementation of the "Framework Agreement on Cross-Strait Economic Cooperation", a large number of machine tool tools have been imported from Taiwan and have grown rapidly. In addition, the appreciation of the renminbi will reduce the cost of imports. These factors will certainly further expand imports.
To this end, the relevant enterprises should make full use of the state's policy of encouraging imports, and introduce the necessary advanced technologies and equipment as well as key components for product matching. At the same time, we must pay attention to the digestion, absorption and re-innovation of imported technologies. Independent innovation does not mean that everything must be developed from scratch. Today, with economic globalization and rapid development of science and technology, no country can independently develop technology in all fields and close its doors to engage in independent innovation. In this sense, it is very important to pay attention to the digestion, absorption and re-innovation of imported technologies. Through the import of advanced technology equipment, carry out analysis and research, in the process of digestion and absorption, simultaneously improve and innovate, gradually form their own intellectual property rights, improve the ability of independent innovation, develop new products with independent intellectual property rights, and strive to improve competitiveness. .
"Going out" and increasing international management
According to UNCTAD, China’s total foreign investment has risen from the 12th in the world in 2008 to the 6th in 2009. It is expected that the ranking will increase in 2010, and China has entered a stage of rapid growth in overseas investment. At present, relevant state departments are formulating relevant regulations to promote the convenience of overseas investment.
In recent years, some powerful enterprises in China's machine tool industry have achieved effective results in international operations, and some are gradually establishing global sales and service outlets, creating favorable conditions for further expansion of exports. On the basis of summing up experience, we should continue to encourage more qualified machine tool enterprises to “go global†to invest and set up factories, or to establish joint ventures and cooperation with local enterprises, or to selectively merge and acquire foreign enterprises with advanced manufacturing technologies. Conditions gradually transplant advanced technology into products produced by domestic enterprises, in order to promote the adjustment and upgrading of the product structure of China's machine tool enterprises.