What happened to the industry in the municipality?

According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the three regions with the lowest growth rate of industrial enterprises above designated size in 2018 are Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing. Beijing's growth rate is also in the back position in the country.

In the four municipalities directly under the central government, the growth rate of industrial enterprises above designated size was less than 5%. Why is the industry in the municipality slowed down and ranked in the bottom of the country? This is due to the slowdown in the growth of leading industries such as automobiles, home appliances and mobile phones.

For example, Beijing and Chongqing's annual automobile production in 2018 was 1,652,600 units and 1,726,400 units, respectively, down from 1,993,400 units and 2.693 million units in the previous year, a drop of 20% and 40%.

On January 24th, Deng Zhou, deputy director of the Industrial Development Office of the Institute of Industrial Science of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out that the current car is not saturated according to the per capita level. At present, the era of traditional fuel vehicles being completely replaced by new energy vehicles has not arrived. There are differences in the industrial development of various municipalities. For example, the development of Beijing and Shanghai is mainly in the service industry, and the decline in the proportion of manufacturing industry is a big trend. Chongqing Tianjin is currently slowing down the traditional industry and affecting the economy. "In the future, the core is to create a good development environment everywhere, so that the industry can accelerate the upgrade," he said.

Why is the speed increase bottom?

According to statistics, the three regions with the lowest growth rate of industrial enterprises above designated size in 2018 are Chongqing, Shanghai and Tianjin, respectively, with 0.5%, 2% and 2.4%. The growth rate of Beijing in the same period was 4.6%, which was the eighth lowest in the country, which was lower than the national growth rate.

Among them, Beijing's industrial growth rate above designated size in 2018 decreased by 1 percentage point from the previous year, Shanghai decreased by 4.8 percentage points, and Chongqing City decreased by 9.1 percentage points. Tianjin slightly increased by 0.1 percentage points.

Taking Beijing as an example, in 2018, Beijing produced 1.797 million vehicles, down 11.5% from the same period of the previous year. Among them, the number of cars was 922,000, down 5.8%; the number of trucks was 428,000, down 7.5%. The production of microcomputers was 5.645 million units, a decrease of 24%.

Why is the industrial growth rate in these regions low in the country and slow down? There are many reasons for this. For example, some manufacturing enterprises are diverting outwards. In 2018, Beijing’s large-scale legal entities above the city shut down and relocated 361, including manufacturing and wholesale. Retail and accommodation companies accounted for 83.4%. In addition, environmental governance is also a cause. For example, Tianjin continued to rectify “disorganized pollution” enterprises in 2018, low-nitrogen reform gas boilers, and completed the conversion of coal to electricity, coal to gas and central heating to build 238,000 households. Another reason is that some pillar industries are slowing down.

Zhang Baotong, director of the China Urban Economics Association, pointed out that the proportion of the tertiary industry in the Beijing-Shanghai municipality is 80% and 70% respectively. It is difficult to increase the industrial speed when the industrial weight is difficult to increase. The industry in Tianjin and Chongqing has slowed down, and he believes that there is a problem in the leading industry.

The data shows that other municipalities currently have a leading industry slowdown.

According to statistics from the Chongqing Bureau of Statistics, in the “6+1” pillar industry in Chongqing in 2018, four industries were in a downturn, including an increase of 4.9% in the value added of the chemical industry, 3.2% in the equipment manufacturing industry, and 1.9% in the consumer goods industry. 1.7%, the automobile manufacturing industry fell by 17.3%.

Statistics from the Shanghai Bureau of Statistics show that the pillar industries of Shanghai Automotive, Petrochemical and Steel in 2018 have slowed down. In 2018, Shanghai's electronic information products manufacturing industry grew by 1.9%, the automobile manufacturing industry grew by 0.8%, the petrochemical and fine chemical manufacturing industries fell by 1.5%, the fine steel manufacturing industry by 6.5%, and the complete equipment manufacturing industry by 4.8%. Only biomedicine The manufacturing industry grew by 9.8%.

Yu Zuo, director of the Northeastern Finance Research Center of the Humanities and Social Sciences Base of the Ministry of Education, pointed out that the demand for automobiles is actually very large. Why is the actual production and sales of automobiles in the country in 2018 decline? The reason is that the income growth of residents is slowing down, and the purchase of cars by residents tends to be rational. In addition, due to the tight supply of land in the first-tier cities and high costs, it is difficult for the industry to maintain high growth.

Industrial upgrading

When the traditional industries such as automobiles in the municipality are slowing down, how to find new industries and achieve industrial upgrading?

Professor An Shuwei of the City College of Capital University of Economics and Business pointed out that cities should improve the business environment and create convenient conditions for the industry development of the market. At the same time, it is necessary to attract young people to develop, not only need high-end industry talents, but also some high-end industry supporting talents.

The 21st Century Business Herald reporter learned that there are also some leading industries in the four major municipalities that are accelerating.

For example, in 2018, the added value of Chongqing's electronics manufacturing industry increased by 13.6%, and the material industry increased by 11.0%. In Shanghai, the added value of biomedical manufacturing increased by 9.8% in 2018.

For example, in 2018, the added value of Beijing's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry increased by 16.2% over the same period of the previous year, the computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry increased by 15.2%, and the special equipment manufacturing industry increased by 15.6%.

At present, cities have also emphasized industrial upgrading for 2019.

Tianjin's 2019 government work report proposes to accelerate the construction of a strategic emerging industrial system led by artificial intelligence in 2019. In-depth implementation of a new generation of artificial intelligence, biomedicine, new energy, new materials industry development three-year action plan. It is necessary to promote the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries.

The Shanghai Party Congress proposed that Shanghai should focus on key industry breakthroughs in 2019. We will expand and strengthen the three major industries of integrated circuits, artificial intelligence and biomedicine to promote the high-quality development of manufacturing.

The Chongqing Economic Work Conference in 2019 emphasized that we must unswervingly promote the intelligent innovation of big data, do a good job in the development of smart industries, smart manufacturing and smart cities, promote the upgrading of pillar industries, and enhance the technological innovation capability of manufacturing industries.

Beijing's 2019 government work report proposes to continue to grow high-tech industries. Pay close attention to the development of 10 high-tech industrial development policies, comprehensively promote the whole life cycle management of industrial land, and promote the major new energy vehicles, ultra-high-definition display equipment, integrated circuit production lines, third-generation semiconductors, and “unmanned aerial vehicles”. The project landed.

Zhang Baotong pointed out that the key to promoting innovation and development is to have a good environment, that is, companies are willing to develop and innovate. “It is very important to increase investment at the same time, which can promote the income of residents and promote consumption development,” he said.

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