American researchers reported in the recently published "Nature · Chemistry" magazine that they have developed a new method that uses singlet fission to improve the efficiency of solar cells. All modern solar panels use the same working principle, that is, a photon generates an exciton, which is then converted into an electric current. There are some molecules that can produce two excitons from a single photon in a solar cell. This process is called singlet fission.

However, one of the biggest challenges in using this molecule is that the survival time of the two excitons is very short (tens of nanoseconds), making it difficult to capture as a type of electricity.

With funding from the US Naval Research Office, the Columbia University research team has developed the most effective and technically most effective intramolecular singlet fission material to date through new design rules. The newly designed organic molecules can quickly generate two kinds of excitons, which are longer than the excitons produced by the most advanced technology at present, which will allow the energy generated by each photon to be absorbed by the solar cell.

The researchers say the new research opens the door to a fundamental understanding of how these excitons handle individual molecules and how they can be effectively applied to devices affected by light amplification signals. The research results can be used not only in the production of next-generation solar equipment, but also in the promotion of photocatalytic processes in chemistry, sensors, and imaging to manufacture pharmaceuticals, plastics, and many other types of consumer chemicals.

Solar energy is a stellar gift, so for many years, scientists have been deliberately trying to maximize the conversion efficiency of solar cells. Now, the new technology allows the energy generated by each photon to be absorbed by solar cells. This not only accumulates more power for the next generation of solar equipment, but also the commercial value it contains, and the significance for mitigating the energy crisis. We have every reason to believe that this achievement will be "promising" in the field of solar cells in the future.

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