Biodiesel development requires mechanism innovation "to force"
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The waste oil of the kitchen is commonly known as “ditch oilâ€, and the “ditch oil†is very famous in China. General Secretary Xi Jinping once asked: Where did the “ditch oil†go? Because the illegal flow of “ditch oil†may endanger food safety, governments at all levels are concerned and the media is constantly exposed, so it has become a social hot spot.
But in the field of biofuels, “ditch oil†can make a big difference. In May of this year, Shanghai issued the “Provisional Management Measures for the Promotion and Application of Biodiesel in the Support of Kitchen and Kitchen Wastesâ€, which supports the B5 biodiesel produced by the kitchen waste oil. As of May, Shanghai sold a total of 23 million liters of biodiesel.
“The development of biodiesel is a trend. The marketing experience of Shanghai biodiesel has provided us with a very useful precedent.†On August 1, the Beijing Clean Fuel Industry Association Biodiesel Branch Inaugural Meeting, President of Beijing Clean Energy Industry Association Zhang Yongze said, "Although many efforts are made, the biodiesel market still faces many mechanical and institutional problems. On the other hand, the technology and management level of enterprises need to be strengthened."
"Clearing obstacles for the biodiesel industry in Beijing, coordinating upstream and downstream enterprises, coordinating government departments, and calling for policies is the necessity for the establishment of biodiesel branch and the main task for the next step." Wang Weiping, deputy chief engineer of Beijing Municipal Management Committee Said to the reporter of the Chinese Journal of Science.
Biodiesel has high environmental benefits
“Biodiesel has excellent environmental characteristics.†Song Jianguo, the newly elected president of the Beijing Clean Fuel Industry Association Biodiesel Branch and chairman of Beijing Green Whale Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., told the Journal of Chinese Journal of Science and Technology. Compared with petrochemical diesel, biodiesel has a low sulfur content and can greatly reduce sulfur dioxide and sulfide emissions after use.
Authoritative data show that emissions of sulfur dioxide and sulfides can be reduced by about 30%. Biodiesel contains no aromatic compounds that pollute the environment. The combustion exhaust has less damage to the human body than petrodiesel and has good biodegradability. Compared with petrochemical diesel, biodiesel emissions from toxic organic emissions are only 10%, particulate matter is 20%, and carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide emissions are only 10%.
"The excellent performance of biodiesel makes the engine exhaust emission index using biodiesel not only meet the current European No. II standard, but even meet the more stringent European III emission standards that will be implemented in Europe." Song Jianguo said.
In addition, biodiesel also has good low temperature start-up performance, lubrication performance, safety performance and excellent combustion performance. It also has the advantages of renewability, economy, adjustability and degradability. Moreover, since the carbon dioxide emitted during the combustion of biodiesel is much lower than the carbon dioxide absorbed during the growth of plants, it is a major environmental problem that is harmful to humans due to global warming due to carbon dioxide emissions.
Song Jianguo said that the bottleneck in biodiesel promotion mainly comes from capacity and market policies. The production capacity mainly depends on “ditch oilâ€. Controlling the “removal of the waste oil†and the sales flow can ensure that the biodiesel production process “has a meal†and better protects food safety. Therefore, “ditch oil†The receiving company has a great responsibility. It is estimated that the annual output of “ditch oil†originating from Beijing's catering service industry is about 120,000 to 150,000 tons. The “ditch oil†is used for the production of biodiesel after collection, transportation and pretreatment, and it is forbidden to flow to eat. Oil and animal feed oil market, an important means of ensuring food safety. At the same time, due to the agricultural policy of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, which cannot compete with the grain, can not compete with people, can not compete with people, and can not pollute the environment, the “ditch oil†has become the most important source of raw materials for biodiesel production in China.
Twilight
Although biodiesel has so many benefits, it has not been fully promoted in China. “In recent years, Shanghai has only tried biodiesel on buses, and there is no large-scale use.†Yan Jianmin, senior engineer of Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Industry, said, “Because of Beijing’s careful treatment of chemical projects, although it is not subject to The restrictions, Beijing still has not built its own biodiesel production facilities, and does not have the ability to produce biodiesel."
Song Jianguo believes that the industrial policy of introducing biodiesel should rely on various efforts to fight for it. However, the EU's industrial policy on biodiesel and China's fuel ethanol fuel policy introduced last year let us see the dawn.
In the collection and transportation of “ditch oilâ€, Green Whale Company has made various attempts and efforts, such as: the establishment of the first party branch and trade union organization in the industry, and the mobilization of shareholder enterprises to carry out credit system construction. The organization began to implement “four unification†training and certificate-based management for its employees and shareholders' employees, and standardize the collection and transportation work. In the sales process, the Green Whale Company organized a visit to inspect most of the biodiesel companies and chemical companies around Beijing, determined the sales targets, implemented the unified sales of “ditch oilâ€, and then strengthened the management by means of Internet of Things supervision and other means. Make sure to give Beijing a “safe way†for “ditch oilâ€. Through the above normative management measures, we will do our best to let the government rest assured, let the society feel at ease, protect the blue sky in Beijing, and escort food safety.
Calling mechanism innovation
“The healthy development of the industry is nothing more than three links.†Wang Weiping said that the first link is to standardize the unified collection system; the second is the processing system, the processing system is faced with standard formulation, intensive improvement of quality, efficiency and utilization. And so on; the third is the cultivation of the product market.
Therefore, although technology, cost, and market are the three major mountains for the development of biodiesel, and the biggest bottleneck in the development of the industry, Wang Weiping believes that it is a mechanism problem. On October 28, 2014, the National Energy Administration promulgated the “Biodiesel Industry Development Policyâ€. However, the biodiesel market has not improved significantly due to the lack of relevant supporting measures. Up to now, there are still problems in the biodiesel market, such as the collection system of raw materials, the imperfect price formation mechanism, the supporting support policies, and the inadequacy of the market sales network.
“There are too many departments involved in waste oil to biodiesel. For Beijing, the Urban Management Committee is responsible for the regulation and safety of the collection and transportation of waste oil. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the petrochemical department are responsible for the processing and quality safety of the waste oil products. The environmental protection department is responsible for the whole process. In addition, food safety, carbon trading, business circulation and other issues involve a number of government departments, coordination is very difficult." Wang Weiping said.
In the early stage of industry development, there is an urgent need for subsidy support, and how to achieve it? Wang Weiping suggested that the petrochemical sector and the automobile industry should first provide subsidy demand to the labor and credit department. The labor department and the environmental protection department will submit subsidy demand to the National Development and Reform Commission. The National Development and Reform Commission will report to the State Council, and the State Council will coordinate the NPC's subsidy policy. Behind the dazzling operation of the petrochemical department, the automobile industry organization, the industrial letter department, the environmental protection department, and the National Development and Reform Commission... no mechanism innovation is difficult to promote efficiently.
Wang Weiping said, "In the process of promoting the landing, many coordination work needs to be completed by industry associations, and even multiple industry associations with upstream and downstream relations need to be linked."
The Organic Waste Treatment Committee of the Beijing Municipal Appearance and Environmental Sanitation Association has started to conduct a survey on the upstream and downstream industry docking work two years ago. Due to the technical advantages of its own products (low-freezing point biodiesel), Hebei Longhai Bioenergy Co., Ltd., located in Handan City, will launch the application of Internet of Things monitoring technology with Green Whale Company in real time with real-time data, video and navigation. Pilot test work on the whole process of “ditch oil†transported from Beijing to Hebei, to find a safe home for Beijing “ditch oilâ€.
“Biodiesel's pioneering test in Shanghai has taken the lead in other regions. With the heat of construction in Beijing and Tianjin and the construction of Xiong'an New District, it is believed that biodiesel will have better prospects for promotion in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.†Song Jianguo Said.
《Journal of the Chinese Academy of Sciences》 (2018-08-16 8th edition)