In the 1840s, British physicist James Joel discovered that iron-based magnetic materials change their shape when placed in a magnetic field, but the volume remains the same. This phenomenon is called "Joule Magnetostriction", and all magnets have shown this feature in the 175 years since their discovery.

According to the Science and Technology Daily, researchers at Temple University and the University of Maryland have discovered a new type of magnet. They heat a specific iron-based alloy in a furnace to about 760 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes, then quickly cool it to room temperature, where it exhibits non-joule magnetostriction when placed in a magnetic field. Behavior (expansion).

Researchers have pointed out that conventional magnets can only be used as actuators that apply a force in one direction, limited by Joule magnetostriction. Even if it is actuated in only two directions, a large amount of bulky magnets are required, which increases the volume and reduces the efficiency. Non-Joule magnetostrictive magnets can expand in all directions at the same time, so it is easy to manufacture a compact omnidirectional actuator.

Because of the energy-saving nature of these new magnets, they can be used to create a new generation of sensors and actuators with extremely low heat loss for aerospace, automotive, biomedical, defense, space exploration and robotics.

The researchers also said that the new magnets do not contain rare earth elements and can replace existing rare earth-based magnetostrictive materials that are expensive but have low mechanical properties.

It is understood that this achievement was published in a recently published issue of Nature.

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