4. Relationship between RP&M and laser technology

The development and application of laser technology is one of the prerequisites for RP&M technology, and it is also a guarantee for the further development of RP&M technology. There are two main types of forming methods for RP&M technology: one is laser-based photocuring, cutting or melting; the other is non-laser direct stacking. The laser has the characteristics of energy concentration, easy control, small spot size and constant wavelength, especially suitable for RP&M technology. At present, the development is relatively complete, and the RP&M processes that use more applications, such as SLA, LOM, and SLS, use laser as the energy source.

5. Relationship between RP&M and other related technologies

In addition to being closely related to the above disciplines, RP&M technology is closely related to mechanical science, modern design theory, electronic technology and testing technology. Mechanical science laid the foundation of RP&M's process, determined the main framework and application goals of RP&M technology; modern design theory provided scientific theoretical guidance for prototype design; electronic and information technology integrated the subsystems of RP&M technology to form coordination The whole; the inspection technology ensures the quality of the form.

In short, RP&M technology is a multi-disciplinary technology integration. It is the result of coordinated development of various disciplines, and at the same time, it adds new research content to the development of various disciplines. Sixth, the development of RP&M technology

RP&M technology is one of the fastest growing manufacturing technologies in the world. It has been in the prosperous stage since its first appearance in the United States in 1986. It is known as a major revolutionary breakthrough in the industry in the past 10 years. In the past, the world installed a total of 300 units, and by 1995 the world installed capacity of 1,000 units, distributed in more than 40 countries on six continents. According to the 1998 market research report of Wohlers Associates, Inc., the average annual sales of RP&M equipment increased by 58.7% from 1993 to 1997, and the RP&M output increased at an average annual rate of 53.6%. In 2001, there were 8,000 sets of RP equipment in the world, distributed in more than 60 countries and regions, and the United States and Japan accounted for 60%. The main reason why RP&M technology is so popular is that it can quickly turn design ideas into three-dimensional entities with certain structure and function, and produce prototypes and even parts at low cost, which greatly meets the rapid development of new products in today's increasingly competitive market. Claim.

With the rapid development of RP&M technology, the number of institutions studying RP&M technology in the world is increasing. According to statistics, hundreds of universities, research institutions and enterprises in the world are currently researching and developing RP&M technology. The research and application of foreign RP&M technology is mainly concentrated in the United States, Europe and Japan. In terms of technology, materials and applications, the overall situation is that the United States is ahead of Europe and Japan, and Europe and Japan are equally divided. China's development in this area started late, but it has developed rapidly. According to Wohlers Associates, the United States, in 2002, the number of RP&M equipment in China was second only to the United States and Japan, ranking third in the world.

1. Foreign development status

(1) Development of RP&M process equipment

At present, RP&M's process equipment is developing very fast, and many companies have developed their own equipment. There are seven major RP&M manufacturers in the United States, namely 3Dsystmes, Helisys, DTM, Stratasys, Sanders, Prototype, Soligen and BPM, of which BPM has closed down due to poor management. There are six in Japan, namely CMET, D-MEC, Teijin Selki, Kira Corp, Mitsui Zosen and Denken Engineering. There are three in Europe, namely EOS in Germany, Cubital in Israel and F&S in Israel.

(2) Development of RP&M forming materials

Forming materials are a key part of the development of RP&M technology. The forming materials currently used in foreign countries are already abundant, as shown in Table 1.

(3) Development of RP&M software

Software is the soul of the RP&M system. Among them, the data conversion and processing software as a CAD to RP interface is one of the keys.

Major foreign RP&M system manufacturers generally develop their own data conversion interface software, such as 3D SYSTEM's ACES, QuickCast, Helisys' LOMSIice, DTM's Rapid Tool, Stratasys' Quicklice, Supprtwoks, AutoGen, Cubital's SoliderDFE, Sander Prototype ProtBuild and ProtoSupporl, etc. Due to the difficulty and relative independence of CAD and RP&M data conversion interface software development, many third-party softwares have emerged as bridges between CAD and RP systems. Some of the more well-known third-party interface softwares in foreign countries include: Bridge Works, Solid View of Solid Concept, Magicics of Materialise of Belgium, STL Manager of POGD of the United States, Still View of American Igore Tebelev, and Surface of American Imageware. RP&M, etc.

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