Researchers at the University of California, Santa Barbara studied the effect of domain size and purity on the efficiency of solar cells by using organic small molecules instead of polymers for the donor layer.

Postdoctoral researcher Subhrangsu Mukherjee and physicist Harald Ade used a series of weak X-ray techniques to study the molecular composition of solar cells. They wanted to understand how solar cell structures influence the generation and extraction of high-efficiency charges and how to overcome them. Harald Ade found in previous work that the intermixing of donor and acceptor and its interface orientation affect cell efficiency. Recently, the work of researchers has shown quantitatively for the first time that mixed domains have a negative effect on cathode charge collection by increasing charge recombination to the cathode. The researchers finally discovered that the purity of the domains above average clusters and mixed regions and the average size distribution of different regions are the key to determining the efficiency of solar cells.

Related research results have been published in Advanced Energy Materials.

A fence is a fence.
Guardrail --- This refers to the "guardrail" for industrial use. Fences are mainly used for the protection and protection of personal safety and equipment in residential, highway, commercial areas, public places and other occasions. Guardrails are everywhere in our lives. Depending on the height, the price per fence length will vary.
The guardrail is usually made of steel, such as stainless steel, round steel pipe, square steel pipe or profiled steel plate, and iron wire. Surface treatment process: fully automatic electrostatic powder spraying (that is, plastic spraying) or painting. In recent years, plug-in, assembled guardrails made of aluminum alloy have also become more popular.
The posts of the guardrail are fixed to the ground by expansion bolts. It is usually installed on two sides of the logistics channel, the periphery of production equipment, the corners of buildings, the sides of doors and the edges of cargo tables, etc.
Effectively reduce the damage to equipment and facilities caused by accidental impact when the transportation equipment is shuttled.
Fence materials are: aluminum alloy, martensitic (nodular cast iron), carbon steel (sprayed or galvanized), stainless steel, plastic steel, zinc steel, PVC and other metal fences.
In addition, it also protects the logistics handling equipment itself. (Such as the protective fence on the edge of the loading platform to prevent the accidental fall of the forklift)

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