Application of Acrel-6000 Electrical Fire Monitoring System in Shanghai Fudan Higher Art Training Base Project
This paper introduces the application of Ankerui Acrel-6000/B electrical fire monitoring system in Shanghai Fudan Higher Art Training Base Project, analyzes relevant national standards and design specifications, and outlines the specific structure of electrical fire monitoring system in electrical fire prevention. And its superiority.
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Yang Junjun (Ankerui Electric Co., Ltd. Shanghai Jiading)
0 Preface
In the past ten years of fire accidents, electrical fires ranked first, and the average number of occurrences accounted for 27% of the total number of fires per year, accounting for 80% of the total number of major fires, and the loss accounted for 53% of the total fire damage. In developed countries, the number of electrical fires per year accounts for 8% to 13% of the total number of fires. In fact, electrical fires have become the main cause of fire safety, not only in many times, but also in large losses, and have remained high for many years. The public welfare public buildings are densely staffed, with many people and high public concern, making the prevention of electrical fires in distribution systems more important.
There are two main aspects of electrical fire prevention in public buildings:
(1) Electrical fires generally start in electrical cabinets, cable trays, etc. When the fire spreads to the surface of equipment and cables, a large fire has formed. At this time, the fire is often not easily controlled, so prevention is very important.
(2) Schools and public places have a high degree of social concern. If a fire occurs, it will affect the progress of relevant social activities and may result in loss of people's lives and property.
In view of the above two aspects, Ankerui Electric Co., Ltd. based on its self-developed ARCM series electrical fire monitoring detectors, through the integration of RS485 bus technology and terminal microcomputer software display technology, developed Acrylic Acrel-6000 /B electrical fire monitoring system. The background of the system displays the data of each detection point, and also provides functions such as over-limit sound and light alarm and humanized interface. The system realizes 24-hour unattended real-time monitoring of the power distribution system, reduces labor costs, and improves the elimination efficiency of electrical fire hazards.
This paper briefly introduces the practical application of the Acry-6000/B electrical fire system and its practical significance in the application of the electrical fire system in the Shanghai Fudan Higher Art Training Base Project.
1 Project Overview
Shanghai Fudan Higher Art Training Base is a teaching base of Shanghai Visual Arts College in Songjiang. Shanghai Institute of Visual Art, referred to as “Top Viewâ€, former Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts, Fudan University, is a high-level art school specializing in communication research and design research. It was established in 2001 and officially in 2005. Start school. In April 2013, with the approval of the Ministry of Education, it was separated from the subordinate ministerial level Fudan University's affiliation, from the independent colleges of ordinary universities to ordinary private colleges, and changed its name to Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts. The school is located in the Songjiang University campus and covers an area of ​​nearly 1,000 acres. The campus construction and fixed assets investment exceeded 600 million yuan, the total construction area of ​​the school building exceeded 120,000 square meters, and the student apartment area was 41,840 square meters. Now it is a key private art undergraduate college of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission.
This project is mainly to design an electrical fire monitoring system for two teaching buildings in Shanghai Fudan Higher Art Training Base.
For the characteristics of this project, the ARCM series residual current electrical fire monitoring detector developed by Ankerui is installed in the important circuit of the power distribution cabinet on some floors. The electrical fire monitoring system shall monitor the residual current value of the important circuit and the real-time temperature of the tank circuit in real time. The monitored data will be transmitted to the background host in real time. When the residual current value exceeds the limit and the temperature exceeds the limit, the background can perform sound and light alarm. The background can be linked to the fire alarm system.
2 reference standard
In view of the fire in public buildings, it is easy to cause loss of life and property. In order to increase the intensity of electrical fire monitoring and prevention, in recent years, the state has successively formulated or revised a number of relevant standards and norms. The relevant standard specifications have put forward specific requirements for the electrical fire monitoring system. The design standards for the design of the Acrylic-Acrel-6000/B electrical fire system selected in this project are as follows:
(1) GB50045-95 (2005 edition) "Code for Fire Protection Design of High-rise Civil Buildings", which stipulates in Article 9.5.1 that a fire alarm system should be installed in places with high fire risk and dense personnel in high-rise buildings.
(2) The relevant provisions of the national standard "Building electrical fire prevention requirements and testing methods" also clearly require that "the residual current action protector that automatically cuts off the power or alarm should be set at the power incoming end."
(3) The products of the electrical fire monitoring system shall meet: GB14287.1-2005 "Electrical fire monitoring equipment", GB14287.2-2005 "Residual current type electric fire monitoring detector", GB14287.3-2005 "temperature measuring electric" Fire monitoring detector
(4) The installation and operation of the electrical fire monitoring system shall meet the requirements of GB13955-2005 “Installation and Operation of Residual Current Action Protection Deviceâ€
(5) The power supply of the electrical fire monitoring system should meet the requirements of GB50052 "Design Specifications for Power Supply and Distribution Systems"
(6) The design of the electrical fire monitoring system should meet the requirements of the Design Method of Electrical Fire Monitoring System (Interim Provisions)
3 system architecture and design 
Electrical fire monitoring system topology
1) Station management
The management of the station control management system for the electrical fire monitoring system is the direct window of human-computer interaction and the uppermost part of the system. The Encore Electric Fire Monitoring System mainframe fully takes into account the user's operating habits and continuous and stable operation, with reference to the corresponding national standards and specifications. The host computer is mainly composed of monitoring software, touch screen, UPS power supply, printer and other equipment. The various types of data information on the site are calculated, analyzed, and processed, and reacted to the terminal management personnel in the form of graphics, digital display, sound, and indicator lights. Enables managers to grasp system dynamics in real time, and realizes functions such as fault information can be traced and information can be exported.
In view of the instrument point and the amount of data in this project, the Acrylic-Acrel-6000/B host is now configured for the project. The specific parameters of this host are described below.
2) Network communication layer
All instruments in this project must be connected in strict accordance with the hand, and all communication buses must be laid along the weak bridge. The instrument of this project is distributed in the electrical fire monitoring and detection between the floors of the strong electricity.
The data bus of this project is designed as two buses. The independent bus facilitates the maintenance of the later system. When a leakage current alarm occurs, the fault circuit can be quickly located according to the checklist provided by us in the later stage to quickly eliminate the fault.
The on-site electrical fire detectors are connected by hand in a twisted pair (ZR-RVSP2*1.0), and the number of meters per bus is about 20.
3) Field device layer
In this project, the Ankerui embedded electrical fire detector is installed for the incoming circuit of the floor distribution box. The embedded electric fire detector monitors the leakage current of the distribution circuit in real time to display the working status of the entire distribution system. .
The ARCM series residual current type electrical fire monitoring detector is designed for TT and TN systems below 0.4kV. It monitors and manages the fire risk parameters such as residual current, wire temperature, over current and over voltage of the distribution circuit. Thereby preventing the occurrence of electrical fires and real-time monitoring of various power parameters, providing accurate data for energy management. The product adopts advanced microcontroller technology, with high integration, small size, convenient installation, intelligent, digital and networked. It is an ideal choice for building electrical fire prevention monitoring and system insulation aging prediction. The product complies with the standard requirements of GB14287.2-2005 "Electrical Fire Monitoring System Part 2: Residual Current Electrical Fire Monitoring Detector".
4 system characteristics and working principle
In view of the scale of the project, the actual situation of the project electrical fire detection points. Whether in the terminal residual current detector or the background host is designed according to the actual situation of the project.
4.1 The system characteristics of this project can be summarized as three points:
(1) The terminal detector uses an embedded electrical fire detector to facilitate installation, save cost and facilitate post-maintenance.
(2) RS485 bus connection is convenient and operability is strong. When the bus is routed, it is a weak bridge, which is not affected by strong electricity, ensuring stable communication of the entire system.
(3) Considering the amount of instrument data in this project, customer requirements. The host of this project is wall-mounted. The wall-mounted host has a simple interface and is easy to operate. It is suitable for the distribution room environment and customer related operation requirements in this project.
4.2 Working principle of electrical fire system
(1) The residual current measurement is based on Kirchhoff's current law: at the same time, the sum of the current vectors flowing into and out of a node in the circuit is zero. Taking the TN-S system as an example, A/B/C/N is simultaneously passed through the residual current transformer. When there is no leakage in the system, the current vector sum of the residual current transformer flowing into and out is zero. At this time, the residual current The secondary current induced by the transformer is also 0; when a relatively large earth leakage occurs, the current vector sum of the current transformer flowing into and out of the residual current is no longer zero, and its magnitude is equal to the current flowing from the earth, that is, the leakage current. The leakage signal is transmitted to the electrical fire detector through the secondary wiring of the residual current transformer, and is sent to the CPU after operation amplification, A/D conversion, and after a series of algorithms, the amplitude of the change is analyzed and judged, and The alarm set value is compared. If the set value is exceeded, an audible and visual alarm signal is sent and sent to the background electrical fire monitoring device.
(2) The terminal detector is responsible for monitoring the residual current value of each loop and transmitting the data of the residual current value to the system host. The terminal detector is also responsible for the real-time display of the residual current value of the monitoring circuit, and can set the limit value. When the residual current value exceeds the limit, it can emit an audible and visual alarm to remind the management personnel to maintain and rectify in time.
(3) The instrument transmits data to the system host through the RS485 bus. The system host reflects the running status of the entire system through graphs, reports, event records and other forms.
5 System design considerations and methods
5.1 Electrical fire monitoring system mainly monitors two types of objects, residual current and temperature, and should pay attention to the basic points in design.
(1) About residual current
Since the principle of residual current monitoring uses Kirchhoff's current law, there are certain requirements for the form of the low-voltage power distribution system to be applied. At present, low-voltage power distribution systems that can apply residual current transformers are: TT system, IT system, TN-S system, and cannot be used in TN-C system. For users who will design and install an electrical fire monitoring system, whether it is a new project or an old engineering project, first check the system grounding form of the user's low-voltage power distribution system. Otherwise, design and install the residual current transformer. Detection is simply not possible.
Regarding the AC220V single-phase power supply system, the residual current transformer only needs to cover the L/N power lines, but the neutral line N is not allowed to be grounded again. For the AC380V three-phase power supply system, due to the three-phase three-wire system, three-phase four-wire system, three-phase five-wire system, etc., the residual current transformer is simultaneously sheathed to the A/B/C three-phase power line according to the specific situation. Or cover the A/B/C/N line at the same time. Similarly, the neutral line N is not allowed to be grounded again, and the protection line PE must not pass through the transformer.
When the system grounding type is TN-C type, the industrial automation network must be converted into a TN-S type, TN-CS type or partial TT type system before the residual current detecting device can be installed.
(2) About temperature
Temperature measurement has nothing to do with the form of system grounding. It mainly considers the temperature of key parts of low-voltage power distribution equipment including cables, and is generally applied in secondary protection lines. The temperature probe Pt100 can adopt the contact arrangement method. When the object to be detected is an insulator, the temperature sensor of the detector should be directly disposed on the surface of the object to be detected. When the object to be tested is the temperature change inside the power distribution cabinet, a non-contact arrangement can be adopted, which is close to the heat generating component.
5.2 Point allocation in system design
According to the national standard GB13955-2005 "Residual current action protection device installation and operation" in the provisions of 4.4 on the classification protection, when installing the residual current fire monitoring device, the steps of the point allocation principle are:
(1) Study and analyze the relevant drawings of the controlled low-voltage AC380V/220V distribution line, investigate and verify the distribution of building electrical, and determine the location of power distribution equipment (such as power distribution cabinets, boxes, disks, cables, etc.). Each monitoring detector is assigned to the corresponding power distribution equipment to determine the number of detectors and avoid resetting waste.
(2) Determine the hierarchical protection. In order to reduce the range of power failure caused by the occurrence of personal electric shock accidents and ground faults, three-stage (or two-stage) residual current protection devices of different capacities are usually installed at different locations of the power supply line to form hierarchical protection. According to the power load and line conditions, it is generally divided into two or three levels of protection, suitable for urban and rural first and second level protection.
Among them, important routes should include security, fire, emergency power, channel lighting and important places that do not allow power outages.
(3) In the secondary protection, all the switches shall be equipped with a residual current fire monitoring detector, that is, at the power supply end of the line (first level protection) and the branch head end (second stage also called end protection). Install the residual current detector and connect it to the electrical fire monitoring system for fire monitoring and alarming purposes only.
(4) Temperature detection is based on the basic principle that heat is generated when the power distribution equipment is abnormal.
1) Transformer low-voltage side outlet terminal, transformer body temperature (wind temperature, oil temperature, water temperature) test point, load switch contact.
2) Incoming and outgoing busbar contacts, automatic switch (circuit breaker, knife switch) contacts, large current conductor concentrated parts, and cable docking points of each power distribution cabinet (box).
3) The main joint of the female joint cabinet and the switch contacts of the knife.
4) Compensation capacitor terminal and transfer switch contact.
5) According to the total number of points installed, select the corresponding wall hanging, vertical or piano.
6 System parameter configuration
6.1 Alarm value setting range
The residual current alarm value of the field instrument in this project is set at 300 mA. The setting of the residual current value is detailed in the relevant national standards.
According to the national standard GB14287.2-2005, the alarm value of the residual current type electrical fire monitoring detector is set between 20~1000mA. According to this requirement, the residual current action value at the power supply main line is generally set to 400~800mA, and the residual current action value on the power branch line is set to 100~400mA. Generally, the residual current type electrical fire monitoring detection is set at the actual site. The alarm value of the device shall not be less than 2 times the maximum value of the leakage current during normal operation of the protected electrical circuit and equipment, and not more than 1000 mA. The alarm setting value of the electrical fire detector should take into account the normal leakage current of the power distribution system and the electrical equipment.
6.2 Refer to the cable temperature rise alarm setting reference, according to the "Power Cable Design Specification" for cable temperature requirements
(1) High temperature places above 60 °C should be selected according to the requirements of high temperature, duration and insulation type. Heat-resistant PVC, XLPE or Ethylene-propylene rubber insulation and other heat-resistant cables should be used. Insulated cable. It is not advisable to use ordinary PVC insulated cables in high temperature places.
(2) The ambient temperature of the cable's continuous allowable current carrying capacity shall be determined according to the multi-year average of the meteorological temperature of the area of ​​use and shall comply with the regulations. When the indoor cable trench is laid, the ambient temperature is the average daily maximum temperature of the hottest month of the site plus 5 °C.
(3) The temperature rise of the cable is related to the laying and heat dissipation conditions.
7 main equipment parameters 
The electrical fire monitoring system of Shanghai Fudan High Art Training Base consists of electrical fire monitoring device Acrel-6000/B, leakage fire detector ARCM200L-J1, and leakage current transformer AKH-0.66L. There are not many introductions about instruments and transformers. The relevant information can be found on Ankerui **http:// query.
7.1 main technical parameters
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